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Posted By: Syed Member Level: Gold Posted Date: 12 May 2008
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2007 ICFAI University M.B.A Business Administration GROUP 'E' INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MB231 OCT 2007 Question paper
Question Paper
Information Technology & systems– I (MB231): October 2007
• Answer all questions.
• Each question carries one mark.
1. EDVAC is an acronym for
(a) Electronic Discrete Variable Auto Computer
(b) Electronic Discrete Varying Automatic Computer
(c) Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
(d) Electronic Direct Variable Automatic Computer
(e) Electronic Direct Variable Automatic Calculator.
2. ENIAC is an acronym for
(a) Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator
(b) Electronic Number Integrator And Calculator
(c) Electronic Number Integrator And Computer
(d) Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer
(e) Electronic Network Interface And Computer.
3. In 1944, Howard H. Aiken of Harvard University collaborated with IBM to release the first fully
automatic calculating machine named
(a) Analytical engine
(b) Abacus
(c) Mark 1 computer
(d) ENIAC
(e) EDVAC.
4. Which of the following is/are not example(s) of fourth generation computers?
(a) IBM 360
(b) IBM 370
(c) Macintosh
(d) Both (a) and (b) above
(e) Both (a) and (c) above.
5. Which of the following is/are not example(s) of second generation computers?
(a) LARC
(b) IBM 360
(c) IBM 401
(d) Both (a) and (c) above
(e) Both (b) and (c) above.
6. Which of the following takes the program instructions stored in the primary memory of the computer,
interprets them and issues signals that result in their execution?
(a) Arithmetic logic unit
(b) Interpreter
(c) Assembler
(d) Control unit
(e) Compiler.
7. Some computers use more than one processor for processing in order to reduce the load on a single
processor. In which of the following processor designs, several processors are organized into clusters or
networks to process program instructions?
I. Support processor design.
II. Control processor design.
III. Parallel processor design.
(a) Only (I) above
(b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above
(d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) Both (II) and (III) above.
8. The combination of analog and digital computers is known as
(a) Supercomputers
(b) Mainframes
(c) Minicomputers
(d) Microcomputers
(e) Hybrid computers.
9. Which of the following statements is/are false about Microcomputers?
I. Portable computers run with electricity.
II. Desktop computers are more powerful compared to portable computers.
III. Desktop computers are expensive compared to portable computers.
(a) Only (I) above
(b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
10. About 240 of the 500 most powerful supercomputers in the world have been developed by IBM. The
company’s Blue Gene/L System developed for the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory of California is the world’s fastest supercomputer. IBM introduced Blue Gene/L
System with a speed of
(a) 280.6 million operations per second
(b) 280.6 billion operations per second
(c) 280.6 quadrillion operations per second
(d) 280.6 trillion operations per second
(e) 280.6 octillion operations per second.
11. The keyboard of a computer resembles the keyboard of a typewriter. It consists of alphanumeric keys
(letters and numbers), punctuation keys (comma, colon, semicolon, etc), and special keys (control keys,
arrow keys, function keys, etc). These keys are placed in the ___________, similar to those in a
typewriter.
(a) Q-W-R-E-T-Y layout
(b) Q-R-W-E-T-Y layout
(c) Q-W-E-R-T-Y layout
(d) Q-W-T-Y-E-R layout
(e) Q-R-E-W-T-Y layout.
12. Scanners use CCDs to digitize an image formed by lens. CCD stands for
(a) Character Content Device
(b) Content Coupled Device
(c) Character Coupled Device
(d) Charge Coupled Device
(e) Content Character Device.
13. Which of the following statements is/are true about Scanners?
I. Sheet fed scanners are used to copy smaller originals, such as photographs.
II. Handheld scanners are operated by hand and the image quality is good as compared to Flatbed
scanners.
III. Desktop scanners work on a single sheet of paper at a time.
(a) Only (II) above
(b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above
(d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
14. Which of the following statements is/are true about Printers?
I. Line printers are slower than Dot-matrix printers.
II. Line printers are slower than Daisy-wheel printers.
III. Impact printers are noisier than non-impact printers.
(a) Only (III) above
(b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
15. Which of the following printers is also called bubble jet printer?
(a) Dot-matrix printer
(b) Daisy-wheel printer
(c) Line printer
(d) Inkjet printer
(e) Thermal printer.
16. Which of the following statements is/are false about Plotters?
I. Drum plotters are smaller than flatbed plotters.
II. Plotters are very much cheap compared to the printers.
III. Drum plotters print graphical images by moving both the drum and the pen.
(a) Only (II) above
(b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
17. Which of the following is an example for sequential storage device?
(a) Magnetic tape
(b) Hard disk
(c) Floppy disk
(d) CD-ROM
(e) Pen drive.
18. Which of the following registers hold the address of the next instruction that is in line for execution?
(a) Accumulator
(b) Memory address register
(c) Memory buffer register
(d) Instruction register
(e) Program counter.
19. In Magnetic disk, two or more sectors combine to form
(a) Grids
(b) Clusters
(c) Tracks
(d) Tables
(e) Cylinders.
20. In hard disk, the location at which all the tracks are situated across the platters is called a
(a) Grid
(b) Cluster
(c) Track
(d) Table
(e) Cylinder.
21. USB is an acronym for
(a) Universal Synchronous Bus
(b) Universal Serial Bus
(c) Universal Storage Bus
(d) Universal Status Bus
(e) Universal System Bus.
22. Which of the following statements is/are false about Cooperative multitasking?
I. It is a type of operating system where users could run two or more programs.
II. In Cooperative multitasking, operating system allocates CPU time to all running processes.
III. In Cooperative multitasking if the foreground program crashes, the computer will then hang,
forcing the user to restart the computer.
(a) Only (II) above
(b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
23. RAID is an acronym for
(a) Relative Array of Independent Disks
(b) Redundant Array of Independent Disks
(c) Record Array of Integrated Disks
(d) Reduced Array of Independent Disks
(e) Random Array of Integrated Disks.
24. GUI is a program interface that makes use of the graphical capabilities of the computer system. Who
developed the first GUI?
(a) Sun Microsystems
(b) Xerox corporation
(c) AT&T
(d) IBM
(e) Bell labs.
25. In MS-DOS, which of the following files is loaded before MSDOS.SYS and is responsible for
executing MSDOS.SYS?
(a) COMMAND.COM
(b) IO.SYS
(c) IO.COM
(d) COMMAND.SYS
(e) CONFIG.SYS.
26. In MAC OS, which of the following features allows an application or a document to open automatically
and immediately when the user logs into the system?
(a) Finder
(b) System
(c) Aqua
(d) Dock
(e) QuickTime.
27. Which of following is the first version of Windows that enabled the users to take full advantage of
Intel’s new 32-bit microprocessor, the 80386?
(a) Windows 2.0
(b) Windows 1.2
(c) Windows 3.0
(d) Windows 4.0
(e) Windows 5.0.
28. Which of the following operating systems is specially designed for palmtop computers?
(a) Windows 95
(b) MAC OS
(c) Windows 98
(d) Windows CE
(e) Windows Me.
29. Which of the following versions of NetWare operating system is/are WAN operating systems?
I. NetWare 3.11.
II. NetWare 3.12.
III. NetWare 4.11.
IV. NetWare 5.1.
(a) Only (III) above
(b) Only (IV) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above
(d) Both (III) and (IV) above
(e) (II), (III) and (IV) above.
30. Which of the following statements is/are false about Windows operating systems?
I. Installing Windows is difficult when compared to Linux.
II. Windows default file system is ext2.
III. Windows is based on TCP/IP.
IV. Compared to Linux, Windows take less time to discover and fix the bugs.
(a) Only (II) above
(b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above
(d) (I),(II) and (III) above
(e) (I), (II) and (IV) above.
31. In Novell NetWare operating system, NLM stands for
(a) NetWare Loadable Modules
(b) NetWare Link Modules
(c) Network Loadable Modules
(d) Network Link Modules
(e) Network Line Modules.
32. The evolution of the Internet was a result of an experiment by the US Department of Defense. The
network developed by the department was called
(a) NSFNET
(b) SONET
(c) TELNET
(d) ARPANET
(e) INTRANET.
33. Match the following:
i. Intranet p. Used as a medium of communication between
business partners
ii. Extranet q. Used for communicating to the general public and for
advertorial purposes
iii. Internet r. Used for specific, corporate, and proprietary
purposes
(a) i-q; ii-p; iii-r
(b) i-r; ii-p, iii-q
(c) i-q; ii-r; iii-p
(d) i-r; ii-q; iii-p
(e) i-p; ii-r; iii-q.
34. Which of the following is/are example(s) of Discussion forum groupware?
I. Lotus Notes.
II. Lotus Organizer.
III. Netscape Collabra.
IV. Creative labs.
(a) Only (II) above
(b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) (I), (II) and (IV) above.
35. Which of the following companies was instrumental in popularizing Internet telephony using the Voice
over Internet Protocol (VoIP)?
(a) Apple
(b) Skype
(c) Oracle
(d) Adobe
(e) Xerox.
36. Which of the following statements is/are true about vertical applications?
I. Vertical applications are general-purpose programs that can be used for writing, carrying out
numerical calculations and data storage.
II. Special programmers or operators are required to carry out the vertical applications.
III. Vertical applications are less expensive than horizontal applications.
(a) Only (I) above
(b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
37. While preparing a document, giving a title to the document is very essential and it is also important that
the title should appear on each and every page of the document. Which of the following tools in word
processing software enables us to add the title to the document which appears on every page of the
document?
(a) Page break
(b) Macro
(c) Hyperlink
(d) Header and footer
(e) Book mark.
38. Which of the following features is/are not present in word processing software?
(a) Functions
(b) Document protection
(c) Online collaboration
(d) Charts
(e) Both (a) and (d) above.
39. While working on a large worksheet with data in several rows and columns, the row headings may
disappear as the worksheet is scrolled down. Similarly, the column headings may disappear as the
worksheet is scrolled to the right. Freeze panes are therefore used to ensure that the headings appear all
the time even when the worksheet is scrolled down. To freeze the headings, the headings (row or
column) that need to be frozen have to be selected. Which of the following menu option the user has to
select in order to choose freeze panes option?
(a) Window
(b) Insert
(c) View
(d) Data
(e) Tools.
40. In spreadsheet software, which of the following operators is also called intersection operator?
(a) Colon operator
(b) Comma operator
(c) Space operator
(d) Apostrophe operator
(e) Exponentiation operator.
41. Users have many options to format cells in a worksheet. To format cells, they have to first select the
particular cell or cells that are required to be formatted. Then they have to click on the menu bar and
select the Format option. A drop-down menu appears from which the option called Cells is to be
selected. A Format Cells dialog box appears, when we select Cells option in Format menu. Which of the
following tabs is not present in Format Cells dialog box?
(a) Number tab
(b) Alignment tab
(c) Border tab
(d) Sheet tab
(e) Pattern tab.
42. In MS-Excel, the formula =2*2^3*3^2*2^3^2*2/2 would give the result as
(a) 4264
(b) 9216
(c) 1179648
(d) 7264
(e) It will give error.
43. In Excel sheet, the cells A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 contains data 2,3,4,2,4 and cells B1,B2,B3,B4,B5 contains
data 4,5,6,7,8 respectively. Which of the following given formulae will give the result as 6,7,8,6,8 in
cells C1,C2,C3,C4,C5, when the formula is written in cell C1 and drag to subsequent cells?
(a) =$A$1+$B$1
(b) =$A1+$B1
(c) =A$1+$B$1
(d) =A1+$B$1
(e) =A1+$B1.
44. Financial functions in Excel help in conducting simple and complex financial calculations. DB is a
financial function which calculates depreciation on an asset for a specified period using the fixeddeclining
balance method. Which of the following argument is not present in the syntax of DB?
(a) Cost
(b) Rate
(c) Salvage
(d) Life
(e) Period.
45. The Date & Time functions pertain to the date and time values and operations in Excel. Some of these
functions can be used for displaying the system date, system time, etc., while the others can be used for
changing or manipulating the date and time values that are already stored in the database. So which of
the following functions gives the current date and time based on the date and time format?
(a) SYSDATE
(b) SYSTIME
(c) NOW
(d) TIME
(e) CURRENTDATE.
46. Excel provides a set of security options that helps the users to protect their data in the worksheets. The
various security options in Excel are worksheet level protection, workbook level protection etc. While
following the steps for protecting a worksheet, if the user wants to give a password for protecting the
worksheet or workbook it can take maximum
(a) 8 characters
(b) 32 characters
(c) 64 characters
(d) 255 characters
(e) 256 characters.
47. Which of the following shortcut keys the user can use in order to use Cells option in Format menu?
(a) CTRL+ALT+1
(b) CTRL+1
(c) CTRL+SHIFT+1
(d) CTRL+9
(e) CTRL+ALT+5.
48. What-if analysis can be performed with the help of various tools like scenarios, solvers, data tables, and goal seek analysis. The Solver tool in MS Excel generates different reports. Which of the following
reports gives the implicit value or the cost of constraints?
(a) Answer report
(b) Sensitivity report
(c) Limits report
(d) Periodic report
(e) Edit report.
49. In presentation graphics software, which of the following is a ready-made design that includes an
overall layout, font and font-size choices, a color scheme, and other design elements?
(a) Template
(b) Organizational chart
(c) Autocontent Wizard
(d) Table
(e) Slide.
50. When does Microsoft Excel display #VALUE in a cell?
(a) When a number is displayed in the scientific notation
(b) When there is an error in the value referred to or used in the formula
(c) When the result of the logical expression is ‘FALSE’
(d) When the text is not properly aligned
(e) When a given number is does not fit into the cell.
51. Which of the following statements is/are false about secondary information?
I. Collecting secondary information is a tedious, time consuming, and expensive task.
II. Surveys, interviews and direct observation are the methods employed for collecting secondary
information.
III. Secondary information is less reliable and not always accurate.
(a) Only (III) above
(b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
52. “Errors are not always deliberate and therefore certain measures can be taken to minimize them”.
Which of the following are the measures used to reduce the uncertainty of information?
I. Internal controls.
II. Additional parameters that state the level of confidence with regard to the accuracy of
information.
III. Internal audit and external audit.
IV. Instructions pertaining to measurement and processing of information.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above
(b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) Both (II) and (IV) above.
53. Based on application, information can be divided into different types. Which of the following
information contains details of operational standards and quality standards?
(a) Control information
(b) Knowledge information
(c) Planning information
(d) Detailed information
(e) Summarized information.
54. Which of the information contains very specific details about a particular object, person, place,
company or an issue?
(a) Summarized information
(b) Sampled information
(c) Aggregated information
(d) Detailed information
(e) Informal information.
55. Information helps in ensuring proper management control. There are different types of controls that
exist in an organization. Which of the following controls ensures that the information is put to use in the
right way?
(a) Facility controls
(b) Procedural controls
(c) Screening controls
(d) Post action controls
(e) Preliminary controls.
56. Quality is subjective in nature and hence its parameters should be clearly defined in order to judge the
quality of information. Which of the following parameters of quality refers to the suitability or
usefulness of the data for current times?
(a) Validity
(b) Consistency
(c) Age
(d) Reliability
(e) Impartiality.
57. Match the following levels of management with their informational requirements.
i. Senior management p. Summarized
ii. Middle management q. Raw or slightly processed
iii. Operational
management
r. Highly summarized
(a) i - r; ii - q; iii – p
(b) i - q; ii - r; iii – p
(c) i - r; ii - p; iii – q
(d) i - q; ii - p; iii – r
(e) i - p; ii - r; iii - q.
58. Data can be processed in a batch mode depending upon:
I. Market conditions.
II. Periodicity.
III. Volume of transactions.
IV. Employee productivity.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above
(b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above
(d) Both (II) and (IV) above
(e) Both (III) and (IV) above.
59. The example(s) of decisions taken at the tactical level is/are
I. Decisions pertaining to materials.
II. Staff promotion.
III. Daily cash flows.
(a) Only (II) above
(b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
60. In how many ways the data can be entered in transaction processing systems?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
(e) Five.
61. Documents that are generated by the transaction processing systems are known as transaction
documents. Which of the following documents serve as confirmation or proof to their recipients that
certain transactions have occurred?
(a) Information document
(b) Action document
(c) Edit document
(d) Turnaround document
(e) Computing document.
62. In transaction processing system, payroll register is an example of
(a) Information documents
(b) Action documents
(c) Turnaround documents
(d) Edit reports
(e) Control listings.
63. Which of the following statements is false regarding Manufacturing Execution Systems (MESs)?
(a) Manufacturing execution systems are performance-monitoring systems for shop floor operations
(b) These systems are used by organizations to measure and control the production activities or
processes
(c) Their aim is to enhance the productivity and quality of production processes
(d) These systems use mathematical models to analyze the data generated by the ongoing process
and compare them with standards or forecasts of required results
(e) These systems include shop floor scheduling and control, machine control, robotics and process
control.
64. Which of the following is not a data type in MS-Excel?
(a) Text
(b) Character
(c) Logical
(d) Error
(e) Number.
65. MIS helps in generating variety of reports that are useful to managers through the management
reporting systems. Which of the following reports are alternatively termed as ad hoc reports?
(a) Periodic scheduled reports
(b) Exception reports
(c) Demand reports and responses
(d) Push reports
(e) Edit reports.
66. To arrive at a rational solution, a Decision Support System (DSS) may make use of inquiry, analysis,
models or accounting systems. Which of the following systems can be of great value in tracking
business functions even though they do not contribute directly to decision making?
(a) Data analysis systems
(b) Information analysis systems
(c) Accounting systems
(d) Status inquiry systems
(e) Process control systems.
67. Mr. Vasudeva Rao, working as an Economist in a MNC, is asked by the sales manager to provide him
the details about how a repeated change in the price of the product affects sales and purchasing power of
the customers. Which of the following types of analytical modeling will be helpful for Vasudeva Rao in
this case?
(a) Value analysis
(b) Sensitivity analysis
(c) Goal seeking analysis
(d) Optimization analysis
(e) Time-series analysis.
68. Which of the following softwares comes under geographic information systems?
(a) Informix
(b) MapInfo
(c) Atlas
(d) Both (a) and (b) above
(e) Both (b) and (c) above.
69. Which of the following statements is false regarding Executive Information Systems (EIS)?
(a) Executive information systems provide internal as well as external information that are significantly
important for making decisions in order to meet the strategic objectives of the organization
(b) These systems were aimed at supporting managerial learning about the organization, its work process,
and the impact of external environment
(c) In these systems, information is mostly presented in an algorithmic form so that a user can understand it
quickly
(d) EIS also helps the management, focus the management’s attention on critical issues or business problems
(e) EIS can be used to generate reports which are simple and user-friendly.
70. The main task of an Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is to transform relational or non-relational
data into highly explorable structures, which means that data can be broken down into small units to
derive meaningful information. These explorable structures are called as
(a) Modules
(b) Blocks
(c) Clusters
(d) Cubes
(e) Segments.
71. Mr. Sudhakar, a software engineer, working for Spectra Solutions, was asked by the team leader to
explain the details of the new project using a flowchart. But he could not draw the whole process in a
single flowchart. So what type of symbol is useful for him in connecting to the next page?
(a) An Off Page Connector Symbol
(b) An On page Connector Symbol
(c) Annotation Symbol
(d) Parallelogram Shaped Symbol
(e) Diamond Shaped Symbol.
72. In Program Development Lifecycle, which of the following steps involves the correction of errors
identified by the users?
(a) Coding the program
(b) Testing and Debugging the program
(c) Maintaining the program
(d) Formalizing the solution
(e) Designing the program.
73. In a flowchart, preparation symbol indicates
(a) A group of instructions that perform a processing function of a program
(b) A group of operations not detailed in the particular set of flow charts
(c) An instruction or group of instructions that changes the program
(d) The addition of descriptive comments or explanatory notes as clarification
(e) The direction of processing or data flow.
74. In a flowchart, predefined process symbol indicates
(a) A group of instructions that perform a processing function of a program
(b) A group of operations not detailed in the particular set of flow charts
(c) An instruction or group of instructions that changes the program
(d) The addition of descriptive comments or explanatory notes as clarification
(e) The direction of processing or data flow.
75. Which of the following statements is/are true about decision tables?
I. Decision tables are difficult to draw and edit as compared to flow charts.
II. Drawing a decision table is easy for beginners when compared to flow chart.
III. Decision tables provide more compact documentation.
(a) Only (I) above
(b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above
(d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) Both (II) and (III) above.
76. Which of the following control structures is used to perform a task, a specific number of times on the
basis of the condition?
(a) While
(b) Do while
(c) Nested If
(d) For
(e) Switch.
77. Which of the following statements is/are true about pseudocode?
I. In order to understand the pseudocode, we should require the knowledge of any particular
programming language.
II. For a beginner, it is easy to follow the logic of or write a pseudocode, as compared to developing
a flow chart.
III. Modifying the pseudocode to match changes in the program is easy.
(a) Only (I) above
(b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above
(d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) Both (II) and (III) above.
78. Which of the following is/are example(s) of fifth generation language(s)?
(a) OPS5
(b) Prolog
(c) NATURAL
(d) Both (a) and (b) above
(e) Both (a) and (c) above.
79. Pascal is a very popular high-level programming language developed by
(a) Ada Byron Lovelace
(b) Niklaus Wirth
(c) Henry Korth
(d) Dennis Ritchie
(e) Bill Inmon.
80. In Object-Oriented Programming, the process of hiding the complexity and internal functionality of
objects is called
(a) Encapsulation
(b) Abstraction
(c) Polymorphism
(d) Inheritance
(e) Exception-handling.
81. In any software company, who provide the necessary technical support for implementing the strategic
and policy decisions related to the data?
(a) Application Programmers
(b) Database Administrators
(c) Network Administrators
(d) System Analyst
(e) End Users.
82. Mr.Sudhakar, the production manager in a reputed pharmaceutical company, asked his subordinate
Mr.Vasudeva Rao to search for a page in a specific text book. He proceeds as follows: He compared the
search key with the index ones to find the highest index key preceding the search one, and then he
followed a linear search to find the specific page .This type of key search comes under
(a) Pile file organization
(b) Indexed file organization
(c) Sequential file organization
(d) Indexed sequential file organization
(e) Direct file organization.
83 Which type of file organization is more suitable to be used as a temporary storage medium so that the
data can be structured or organized later?
(a) Pile file organization
(b) Indexed file organization
(c) Sequential file organization
(d) Indexed sequential file organization
(e) Direct file organization.
84. Another name for transaction file is
(a) Data file
(b) History file
(c) System file
(d) Log file
(e) Temporary file.
85. Which type of file organizations is used when rapid access is required and fixed length records are
used?
(a) Pile file organization
(b) Indexed file organization
(c) Sequential file organization
(d) Indexed sequential file organization
(e) Direct file organization.
86. Which of the following statements is/are true about Network and Relational models?
I. Network databases do not support many-to-many relationships.
II. Network databases are best suitable for voluminous transactions and also for handling ad hoc
requests.
III. Relational model provides ad hoc request flexibility.
(a) Only (II) above
(b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above
(d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
87. Which of the following companies developed the first network model?
(a) Sun Microsystems
(b) GE
(c) Microsoft Corporation
(d) AT&T
(e) Mercury interactive.
88. Which of the following models comes under Object-Based Logical Models?
I. Binary model.
II. Functional data model.
III. Hierarchical model.
IV. Relational model.
V. Frame memory model.
VI. Semantic data model.
(a) (I), (II) and (V) above
(b) (I), (II) and (VI) above
(c) (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above
(d) (I), (II), (III) and (V) above
(e) (I), (II), (V) and (VI) above.
89. SQL statements are used for both creation of database objects and manipulation of data within the
database. The SQL sentences that are used to create these objects are called
(a) DDL
(b) DML
(c) DCL
(d) TCL
(e) TML.
90. The ability to correctly and consistently navigate and manipulate tables in the database is called
(a) Data integrity
(b) Data independence
(c) Data dependence
(d) Data redundancy
(e) Data security.
91. There are various categories of databases based on their use in an organization. Which of the following
databases is also called information database?
(a) Operational database
(b) Hypermedia database
(c) Distributed database
(d) Analytical database
(e) Discussion database.
92. Which of the following activities is/are involved in Data administration?
(a) It involves physical and logical design, developing and maintaining a data dictionary, enhancing the
performance of databases and enforcing standards for database use and security
(b) It involves the process of managing the collection, storage and dissemination of all data types
(c) It involves developing policies and selecting database management and data dictionary software
(d) Both (a) and (b) above
(e) Both (b) and (c) above.
93. In Database Management System, example(s) of view level abstraction is/are
I. Machine level programming.
II. Programming logic.
III. Application being used by the end users.
(a) Only (I) above
(b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above
(d) Both (I) and (II) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
94. The Entity-Relationship (E-R) model was proposed by
(a) Edgar F.Codd
(b) Henry Korth
(c) Peter Pin-Shan Chen
(d) Schonberger
(e) Bill Inmon.
95. Which of the following statements is/are true about Data Dictionary?
I. A data dictionary is a file that defines the way in which the database is organized.
II. Data dictionaries contain all real data from the database.
III. Data dictionary contains details of all the files in the database, the records in each file, and the
details of the fields in each record.
(a) Only (III) above
(b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above
(d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
96. In an organization, the relation between projects and employees is
(a) One-to-one relationship
(b) One-to-many relationship
(c) Many-to-one relationship
(d) Many-to-many relationship
(e) Symmetric relationship.
97. Which of the following terms of traditional file processing system is same as entity instance in E-R
model?
(a) File
(b) Record
(c) Key
(d) Field
(e) Constraint.
98. An accounts database has a table with invoices and each invoice is associated with a particular supplier.
Supplier details (such as address and name) are kept in a separate table; each supplier is given a
'supplier number' to identify them. Each invoice record has an attribute containing the supplier number
for that invoice. Identify the primary key, foreign keys in the tables.
(a) Supplier number in the supplier table is foreign key and InvoiceNumber in the Invoices table is the
primary key
(b) Supplier number in the supplier table is primary key and InvoiceNumber in the Invoices table is the
foreign key
(c) Supplier number in the supplier table is primary key, InvoiceNumber in the Invoices table is the
primary key and Supplier number in Invoices table is the foreign key
(d) Supplier number in the supplier table is foreign key and InvoiceNumber, Supplier number in Invoices
table are primary keys
(e) Supplier name in the supplier table is the primary key, InvoiceNumber in the Invoices table is the
primary key and Supplier number in Invoices table is the foreign key.
99. A salesman_master table contains attributes like salesman no, salesman_name , address 1, address 2,
city, pincode, state, sal_amt, tgt_to_get, ytd_sales, remarks. Write a SQL statement to find the names of
the salesmen who have a salary equal to Rs.3000.
(a) Select count(salesman_ name) from salesman_master where sal_amt=3000
(b) Select * from salesman_master where sal_amt=3000
(c) Select count(sal_amt) from salesman_master where sal_amt=3000
(d) Select salesman_ name from salesman_master where sal_amt=3000
(e) Select salesman_ name, state from salesman_master where sal_amt=3000.
100. Which of the following is/are example(s) for object-oriented databases?
(a) Informix
(b) Ingres
(c) Orion
(d) Both (a) and (b) above
(e) Both (a) and (c) above.
Suggested Answers
Information Technology & Systems– I (MB231): October 2007
1. Answer: (c)
Reason: EDVAC is an acronym for Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer. So option (c) is the
answer.
2. Answer : (a)
Reason : ENIAC is an acronym for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator. So option (a) is the answer.
3. Answer : (c)
Reason: In 1944, Howard H. Aiken of Harvard University collaborated with IBM to release the first fully
automatic calculating machine named the Mark 1 computer. Also called as the IBM Automatic
Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC), the computer was based on the techniques that had already
been developed for the punched card machinery. The Mark 1 computer proved to be extremely reliable.
However, it was huge and had a very complex design. So option (c) is the answer.
4. Answer : (a)
Reason : Mainframes and IBM 360 are examples of third generation computers. IBM 370, Apple II, Macintosh
are examples of fourth generation computers. So option (a) is the answer.
5. Answer : (b)
Reason : LARC, IBM 401 are examples for second generation computers. Mainframes and IBM 360 are
examples of third generation computers. So option (b) is the answer.
6. Answer : (d)
Reason: The Control unit obtains the program instructions stored in the primary memory of the computer,
interprets them, and issues signals that result in their execution. So option (d) is the answer.
7. Answer : (c)
Reason: In a parallel processor design, a group of processors is used to execute program instructions. In parallel
processing, several processors are organized into clusters or networks to process program instructions.
Parallel processor design is based on the human brain is called the neural network. Neural networks are
exceptionally good at pattern recognition and other tasks that are very difficult to program using
conventional techniques. Programs that employ neural networks are also capable of self-learning and of
adapting to changes. Parallel processing capabilities enable the programmers to incorporate advanced
computing capabilities. So option (c) is answer.
8. Answer : (e)
Reason: Hybrid computers are a combination of analog and digital computers. These computers store analog
signals as numbers. The conversion from analog signals to numbers and vice-versa is done using the
analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, respectively. These computers are used in the fields
of artificial intelligence and computer aided manufacturing. So option (e) is answer.
9. Answer : (c)
Reason: Portable computers are small and portable as they are lightweight. These computers are run on a
battery and therefore need not be plugged to a source of electricity. Usually, these models of computers
have a monitor, a built-in keyboard, and a touchpad. Compared to the desktop computers, portable
computers are less powerful and more costly as the built-in components are very expensive. Some
examples of the portable model are laptops and notebook computers. Desktop computers are larger
computers and are not portable. These computers are placed on a table or a desk and are plugged to a
source of electricity. Usually, these computers have a motherboard, power supply, cables to connect the
various devices to and from the computer system, a keyboard, drives, and a mouse. So option (c) is
answer.
10. Answer : (d)
Reason: About 240 of the 500 most powerful supercomputers in the world have been developed by IBM. The
company’s Blue Gene/L System developed for the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory of California is the world’s fastest supercomputer and it carries out 280.6 trillion
operations per second. So option (d) is correct answer.
11. Answer : (c)
Reason: The keyboard of a computer resembles the keyboard of a typewriter. It consists of alphanumeric keys
(letters and numbers), punctuation keys (comma, colon, semicolon, etc), and special keys (control keys,
arrow keys, function keys, etc). These keys are placed in the ‘Q-W-E-R-T-Y’ layout, similar to those in a
typewriter. When a key is pressed, electronic signals are generated. A keyboard encoder detects these
signals and sends them to the CPU. The most popular keyboard is the one with 101 keys. So option (c)
is answer.
12. Answer : (d)
Reason: Scanners are devices that are designed to copy anything that is printed on a sheet of paper. They have
the ability to analyze a picture or text and then convert it into a digital image. Scanners use Charge-
Coupled Devices (CCDs) to digitize an image formed by a lens. So option (d) is the answer.
13. Answer : (b)
Reason: There are different types of scanners. Flatbed or desktop scanners work on a single sheet of paper at a
time and are the most commonly used scanners in offices. Sheet fed scanners draw in the sheets by
means of a roller mechanism. Handheld scanners are used to copy smaller originals, such as
photographs. These scanners are operated by hand and are not used much as the image quality is not
good as compared to the flatbed scanners. So option (b) is the answer.
14. Answer : (a)
Reason: Impact printers can print a page, a line, or a character at a time. These printers are so called as the print
head touches the paper and creates an impact on the paper. These printers are generally used for
printing backup copies of huge amounts of stored data. Large computers use line printers that can
generate hard copies at a rate of 3000 lines per minute. However, they have a poor print quality. Impact
printers are considered to be noisier than non-impact printers and are used for printing documents or
forms that have multiple parts like the invoices, etc. Daisy-wheel printers are very noisy and they print
very slowly. These printers cannot print graphics nor do they have multi-font capability. The print
wheel has to be physically replaced to change the font. Line printers are much faster than dot-matrix
printers and daisy-wheel printers. They are very noisy and have limited multi-font capabilities. So
option (a) is the answer.
15. Answer : (d)
Reason: Inkjet printers, also called bubble jet printers, are the most popular non-impact printers. So option (d)
is answer.
16. Answer : (b)
Reason: Plotters are devices that are used for printing quality graphics and drawings on paper. These devices
are different from printers as they use a pen for drawing lines, thus, producing continuous lines.
Plotters can also draw different colors by using colored pens. These devices are very expensive
compared to the printer and are widely used for engineering applications and by engineers, architects,
surveyors, etc. There are three types of plotters namely, flatbed plotters, drum plotters, and inkjet
plotters.
Flatbed plotters: In flatbed plotters, the paper is set on a flat surface and the pens are moved for
drawing the image. These plotters print graphical images by moving the pen and can produce colored
images. They produce accurate pictures. The size of the paper or plot is smaller and is restricted to the
size of the surface of the plotter.
Drum plotters: Drum plotters print graphical images by moving both the drum and the pen. These
plotters are bigger than the flatbed plotters. The pictures are not as accurate as those printed by flatbed
plotters. So from above discussion we can infer that option (b) is answer.
17. Answer : (a)
Reason: Storage devices can also be categorized by the manner in which they access the requested data. They
can be classified as sequential storage devices or random access storage devices. In case of a sequential
storage device, such as a magnetic tape, the computer follows a fixed sequence in order to access the
required file. These devices are very slow and inexpensive. On the other hand, a random access storage
device can directly access the required file. These devices are faster. Hard disks, floppy disks, and CDROMs
are random access storage devices. So option (a) is answer.
18. Answer : (e)
Reason : (a) Accumulators are used for arithmetic, logic, and other similar operations. These registers are
used for holding accumulated results and the data that needs to be operated on.
(b) Memory address registers are used for storing the addresses of the active and specific memory
location.
(c) The memory buffer register is used for storing the data that is on its way to and from memory.
(d) The instruction register is used for holding the instructions while they are being executed.
(e) The program counter register holds the address of the next instruction that is in line for execution.
So option (e) is answer.
19. Answer : (b)
Reason: Data is recorded on the disk in concentric circular bands called tracks. Each track is divided into pieshaped
wedges called sectors. Two or more such sectors combine to form clusters. So option (b) is
answer.
20. Answer : (e)
Reason: In hard disk, the location at which all the tracks are situated across the platters is called a cylinder. So
option (e) is answer.
21. Answer : (b)
Reason: USB is an acronym for Universal Serial Bus. So option (b) is answer.
22. Answer : (a)
Reason : Cooperative multi-tasking is a simple form of multi-tasking in which the users can run two or more
programs. In cooperative multi-tasking, different programs control the CPU at different points of time.
The foreground program gains control of the CPU, retains this control until the program’s task is
finished, and then hands over the control of the CPU to other programs. If the foreground program
crashes, i.e., stops working, the crashed program does not surrender the CPU. The computer would
then hang or come to a halt, thus forcing the user to restart it. The user would lose unsaved data in any
of the programs. Preemptive multi-tasking is a type of multi-tasking which enables the OS to regain
control of the CPU if an application stops running and crashes. In preemptive multi-tasking, the OS
allocates CPU time to all running processes. Each process is given a slice of the CPU time, thus
avoiding control by a single process. When the time expires, the OS preempts the process and gives the
slice to another process. Any unsaved work will be lost in the application that has crashed. But, the
failure of one application does not bring down the entire system. From the above discussion we can
infer that option (a) is answer.
23. Answer : (b)
Reason: RAID is an acronym for Redundant Array of Independent (or inexpensive) Disks. So option (b) is
answer.
24. Answer : (b)
Reason : In the 1970s, the Palo Alto Research Center of Xerox Corporation (also known as Xerox PARC)
developed the first GUI. This GUI included the screen as a desktop icon, on-screen fonts, windows,
and pull-down menus. However, this was not a successful venture as the company failed to
commercialize on the research innovation. So option (b) is answer.
25. Answer : (b)
Reason: MSDOS.SYS, IO.SYS, and COMMAND.COM are the three main files in DOS. MSDOS.SYS deals
with the hardware and it consists of device drivers to handle console display and keyboard, printer,
serial communication, clock, and boot disk drive. MSDOS.SYS handles application management tasks
such as file and record management, memory management, access to real time clock, etc. IO.SYS is
loaded when the computer is booted. It is loaded before MSDOS.SYS and is responsible for executing
MSDOS.SYS. COMMAND.COM is the interactive portion of the OS. It accepts user input at the
command prompt and contains a set of internal commands to perform the basic functions. So option (b)
is answer.
26. Answer : (d)
Reason : The user interface in Mac OS X is called Aqua. The Aqua interface is built on three graphic
technologies namely, Quartz, OpenGL, and QuickTime. Aqua includes features called the finder and
the dock. The finder has a search feature that enables users to search for files and folders. It facilitates
navigation onscreen and enables easy access to frequently used files and folders. The feature called
dock allows an application or a document to open automatically and immediately when the user logs in
to the system. So option (d) is answer.
27. Answer : (c)
Reason : Windows 3.0 was the first version of Windows that enabled the users to take full advantage of Intel’s
new 32-bit microprocessor, the 80386.So option (c) is answer.
28. Answer : (d)
Reason : Windows CE is a version of Windows specially designed for palmtop computers. It runs simplified
versions of Windows 95 and 98 programs such as Microsoft’s own office applications, which are
available in compact versions for Windows CE. This enables users to create documents on a palmtop and transfer
them to a desktop computer for further processing and printing. So option (d) is the answer.
29. Answer : (b)
Reason : The NetWare 5.x series of operating systems include the versions 5.0 and 5.1. The earlier versions of
NetWare 3.x and NetWare 4.x are LAN operating systems. NetWare 5.x series of operating systems are
WAN operating systems. So option (b) is answer.
30. Answer : (e)
Reason : Compared to Linux, windows takes a long time to discover and fix the bugs. Installing Windows is
considered very easy. Windows is based on TCP/IP. Windows uses FAT12, FAT16, and FAT32 file
systems. Linux’s default file system is “ext2.” So option (e) is answer.
31. Answer : (a)
Reason: (a) NLM stands for NetWare Loadable Modules.
(b) Not relevant.
(c) Not relevant.
(d) Not relevant.
(e) Not relevant. So option (a) is answer.
32. Answer : (d)
Reason: The evolution of the Internet was a result of an experiment by the US Department of Defense in the
1960s. The Department wanted to create a computer network that would continue to function even in
the event of a disaster. It was intended to be flexible so that if a part of the network was damaged or
destroyed, the rest of the system would still work. The network developed by the department was
called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), and it inter-linked scientific and
academic researchers in the US. This network is considered to be the forerunner of today’s Internet. So
option (d) is answer.
33. Answer : (b)
Reason : The Internet is a network of computer networks. It is used for communicating to the general public,
and for advertorial purposes. An intranet is an Internet designed for internal use within an organization.
Unlike Internet, the intranet is not accessible by external entities. An extranet is a private network; it is
the company intranet that is extended to external users of the company, such as suppliers, distributors,
customers, and business partners. So option (b) is answer.
34. Answer : (c)
Reason : The popular desktop conferencing systems are Creative Labs’ ShareVision PC 3000, Winnov’s
VideumConf Pro, White Pine’s CU-SeeMe, and Intel’s ProShare Video. Examples of discussion forum
groupware are Lotus Notes and Netscape Collabra. Microsoft Project, Lotus Organizer, and CA –
Super Project are examples of project management groupware. So option (c) is answer.
35. Answer : (b)
Reason : Skype popularized Internet telephony using the Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).
So option (b) is answer.
36. Answer : (b)
Reason: Vertical applications are those that cater to the needs of a particular business function. They are used to
automate the operations of a particular business function. Vertical applications cater only to the specific
function in an organization and therefore, special programmers or operators are required to carry out
these applications. Hence, these applications are more expensive than horizontal applications.
Examples of vertical applications are accounting software and bill generation software. On the other
hand, horizontal applications are general-purpose programs that can be used for writing, carrying out
numerical calculations, and data storage. They are common across different functional divisions of
business and can be used by anybody in the organization. Personal productivity software is a popular
horizontal application that includes word processing, spreadsheets, and special programs for storing
addresses, preparing schedules, etc. So option (b) is answer.
37. Answer : (d)
Reason: The header and footer option can be used to insert page titles, page numbers, date, etc.
So option (d) is answer.
38. Answer : (a)
Reason: Except (a) all other features are present in word processing software. So option (a) is answer.
39. Answer : (a)
Reason: While working on a large worksheet with data in several rows and columns, the row headings may
disappear as the worksheet is scrolled down. Similarly, the column headings may disappear as the
worksheet is scrolled to the right. Freeze panes are therefore used to ensure that the headings appear all
the time even when the worksheet is scrolled down. To freeze the headings, the headings (row or
column) that need to be frozen have to be selected. The user then has to go to the menu bar and select
the option Window. A drop-down menu appears from which the user has to click on the option Freeze
Panes. So option (a) is the answer.
40. Answer : (c)
Reason : There are basically three reference operators in MS-Excel. There functions are as follows.
From the above table, we can infer that option (c) is answer.
Reference Operators Function
Colon (:) It is also called the range operator. It
indicates all the cells between and
including the given two cell references.
Comma (,) It is also called the union operator. It
combines multiple cell references to
form a single reference.
Space (a blank space) It is also called the intersection
operator. It generates a single reference
to all the cells that are common to the
two given references.
41. Answer : (d)
Reason: Users have many options to format cells in a worksheet. To format cells, they have to first select the
particular cell or cells that are required to be formatted. They then have to click on the menu bar and
select the option Format. A drop-down menu appears from which the option called Cells needs to be
selected. A Format Cells dialog box appears which has various tabs like Number tab, Alignment tab,
Font tab, Border tab, Pattern tab, and Protection tab. So option (d) is answer.
42. Answer : (b)
Reason : In MS-Excel, operators and their order of priority as follows.
Operators and their Order of Priority
If the operators belong to the same order of priority, they will be evaluated in the formula from left to
right. From above table the expression evaluates as follows:
2*2^3*3^2*2^3^2*2/2
=2*8*9*64*2/2
=18432/2
=9216.
So option (b) is the answer.
Order Operator
1 %
2 ^
3 * and /
4 + and -
5 &
43. Answer : (d)
Reason : If the cells A1, A2,A3,A4,A5 contains data 2,3,4,2,4 and cells B1,B2,B3,B4,B5 contains data
4,5,6,7,8.,the formula written at C1 is =A1+$B$1. So option (d) is the answer.
44. Answer : (b)
Reason : The arguments present in the syntax of DB is cost, salvage, life, period, month. Rate is not a argumnet
in the syntax of DB. So option (b) is answer.
45. Answer : (c)
Reason : NOW function gives the current date and time based on the date and time format. So option (c) is
answer.
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46. Answer : (d)
Reason: Excel provides a set of security options that helps the users to protect their data in the worksheets. The
various security options in Excel are worksheet level protection workbook level protection etc. In
following the steps for protecting a worksheet, if the user wants to give a password for protecting the
worksheet or workbook it can take maximum 255 characters. So option ( d) is answer.
47. Answer : (b)
Reason: CTRL+1 is the shortcut key used in order to use Cells option in Format menu .So option (b) is answer.
48. Answer : (b)
Reason: Three different types of reports can be generated by Excel. These reports are Answer report,
Sensitivity report, and Limits report. Answer report gives the original values as well as the final values
for the problem in a new worksheet. It also gives all the values for the input variables and the
constraints. The sensitivity report gives the implicit value or the cost of the constraints. The limits
report gives the optimal solution of all the input variables along with the upper and lower values within
which the particular variable could change. Periodic and edit reports are not generated by the solver. So
option (b) is answer.
49. Answer : (a)
Reason: Template is ready-made designs that include an overall layout, font and font-size choices, a color
scheme and other design elements. So option (a) is answer.
50. Answer : (b)
Reason: #VALUE is an error indicator. It is displayed when there is an error in the value referred to or used in
the formula. So option (b) is answer.
51. Answer : (b)
Reason: The various methods employed for collecting primary information are surveys, interviews, and direct
observation. Collecting primary information is a tedious, time consuming, and expensive task.
Secondary information is less reliable and not always accurate. So option (b) is answer.
52. Answer : (b)
Reason : Errors are not always deliberate and therefore certain measures can be taken to minimize them. Some
of the measures to overcome errors are:
• internal controls
• internal audit and external audit
• additional parameters that state the level of confidence with regard to the accuracy of information
• instructions pertaining to measurement and processing of information
The first two measures can be used to reduce the uncertainty of information while the last two ascertain
the credibility of the information.
So option (b) is answer.
53. Answer : (c)
Reason: Based on application, information can be divided into planning information, control information, and
knowledge information. There are specific rules, standards, and specifications that need to be adhered
to while planning. The documents containing the details of operational standards and quality standards
form planning information. So option (c) is the answer.
54. Answer : (d)
Reason : Detailed information contains very specific details about a particular object, person, place, company,
or an issue. For instance, information regarding the performance of a company over the years would
provide detailed information about the company. However, using this information, one cannot make
assumptions or arrive at conclusions about other companies. Thus, this type of information provides all
the information about a particular aspect. From above discussion, we can say option (d) is answer.
55. Answer : (c)
Reason : Information helps in ensuring proper management control. There are three types of controls that exist
in an organization. These are preliminary controls, screening controls, and post action control.
Preliminary controls ensure that the right information is collected. Screening control ensures that the
information is put to use in the right way. Post action control ensures that the gathered information
reaches the right audience. So option (c) is answer.
56. Answer : (c)
Reason: Quality is subjective in nature and hence its parameters should be clearly defined in order to judge the
quality of information. The various parameters of quality are validity, consistency, reliability,
impartiality, and age. These parameters are explained below:
Validity refers to the use of information and its suitability. That is, whether the information can be
used for decision-making or analysis.
Consistency refers to uniformity or continuity in data collection.
Reliability refers to the credibility and accuracy of the sources of data collection and the methods of
presenting the data.
Impartiality refers to the information which is free from errors and bias.
Age refers to the suitability or usefulness of the data for current times. Information should be regularly
updated.
So option (c) is answer.
57. Answer : (c)
Reason: At the senior management level, the informational requirements are highly summarized. At the middle
management level, the informational requirements are summarized. Executives at the operational level,
require raw or slightly processed information. So option (c) is answer.
58. Answer : (c)
Reason : In batch processing, the information that is gathered is stored but is not processed instantly. This type
of transaction processing involves accumulation of transactions until a certain set of criteria are
satisfied – such as time period (say monthly, quarterly) or quantity (based on the volume of
transactions). So option (c) is an answer.
59. Answer : (a)
Reason : Operational decisions are short-term in nature and usually involve large-scale processing of internal
data such as attendance, daily cash flows, sales figures, etc. The examples of decisions taken at the
operational level are decisions pertaining to materials, facilities, personnel, etc. Decisions at the tactical
level are likely to have a medium to long-term impact on the organization and are made by the middle
management. These decisions should be supported by organizational information. The quality of data
processing has a major impact on the profitability of the organization. The examples of decisions taken
at the tactical level are budget analysis, vendor rating, staff promotion, etc. Information system
applications help in taking such tactical decisions. So option (a) is the answer.
60. Answer : (c)
Reason: In transaction processing systems, data can be entered in three ways. These are manual data entry, semiautomated
data entry and fully automated data entry. So option (c) is the answer.
61. Answer : (a)
Reason: Information documents serve as confirmation or proof to their recipients that certain transactions have
occurred. Sales order confirmations, customer invoices, etc. are examples of information documents.
So option (a) is the answer.
62. Answer : (e)
Reason : In transaction processing system, payroll register is an example of Control listings that lists every
paycheck printed on a specific day. So option (e) is the answer.
63. Answer : (d)
Reason : The fourth statement is false because Process control software uses mathematical models to analyze
the data generated by the ongoing process and compares them with standards or forecasts of required
results. Whereas, remaining statements are true regarding the Manufacturing Execution System (MES).
So option (d) is the answer.
64. Answer : (b)
Reason : Character is not a data type in MS-Excel. So option (b) is answer.
65. Answer : (c)
Reason : Periodic reports follow a predetermined format and are used for providing information to mangers on a regular basis.
Exception reports are not generated on a regular basis but only in exceptional situations. Demand
reports and responses are alternatively termed as ad hoc reports. They are generated as and when the
manger requires them. Managers use queries and report generators for such reporting.
Push reports are reports sent to the networked workstation of the manager.
Whereas, edit reports come under Transaction processing systems. So option (c) is the answer.
66. Answer : (c)
Reason : Data analysis systems are developed using simple data processing tools and business rules.
In Information analysis systems, information available to the management needs to be analyzed to
arrive at a result.
Accounting systems can be of great value in tracking business functions even though they do not
contribute directly to decision making.
Status inquiry systems can be taken easily if the current status is known.
Whereas, process control systems is one of the component of management information system. So
option (c) is the answer.
67. Answer : (b)
Reason : (a) Value analysis is not relevant to the answer.
(b) Sensitivity analysis is used to observe how repeated changes in a single variable affect other
variables.
(c) In Goal-seeking analysis repeated changes are made to selected variables until a chosen variable
reaches a target value.
(d) Optimization analysis is used for finding an optimum value for selected variables, given certain
constraints.
(e) Time-series analysis is not related to analytical modeling.
So option (b) is the answer.
68. Answer : (e)
Reason : MapInfo and Atlas are the GIS softwares. Whereas, Informix is a RDBMS software. So option (e) is
the answer.
69. Answer : (c)
Reason : The third statement is false because information is mostly presented in a graphical or diagrammatic
form so that a user can understand it quickly. Whereas, remaining statements are true regarding
Executive Information Systems (EIS). So option (c) is the answer.
70. Answer : (d)
Reason : The main task of an Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is to transform relational or non-relational
data into highly explorable structures, which means that data can be broken down into small units to
derive meaningful information. These explorable structures are called as cubes or power cubes. So
option (d) is the answer.
71. Answer : (a)
Reason : An Off Page Connector in a flowchart is used to designate entry to or exit from a page. So option (a) is
the answer.
72. Answer : (c)
Reason: The process of program maintenance involves the correction of errors identified by the users. Periodic
evaluation may lead to modification of the program. So option (c) is answer.
73. Answer : (c)
Reason : In a Flowchart, preparation symbol indicates an instruction or group of instructions that changes the
program. So option (c) is answer.
74. Answer : (b)
Reason : In a Flowchart, predefined process symbol indicates a group of operations not detailed in the particular
set of flow charts. So option (b) is answer.
75. Answer : (c)
Reason: Decision tables are easier to draw and edit as compared to flow charts. Decision tables provide more
compact documentation. A small table can replace several pages of charts. For beginners flowcharts is
the best option. i.e drawing a decision table is difficult for beginners when compared to flow chart. So
option (c) is answer.
76. Answer : (d)
Reason: Nested If – ‘Nested If’ statements are used to check conditions within another condition Switch –
‘Switch’ statements are used to check for multiple values of variables.
While – ‘While’ statements are used to repeat a statement or a block until the conditional expression is
true.
Do While – When it is desirable to execute the loop at least once, ‘Do While’ is used. In this statement,
the conditional expression is evaluated at the end of the loop.
For – ‘For’ loops are used to perform a task a specific number of times on the basis of the condition.
The ‘for’ statement has three parts – initialization, condition, and iteration. Initialization is used to start
the loop execution, condition to specify the condition, and iteration to increment or decrement the loop.
From the above discussion we can infer that option (d) is answer.
77. Answer : (c)
Reason: Modifying the pseudocode to match changes in the program is easy. It is easy to understand a
pseudocode as it does not require the knowledge of any particular programming language to understand
it. For a beginner, it is more difficult to follow the logic of or write a pseudocode, as compared to
developing a flow chart. So option (c) is answer.
78. Answer : (d)
Reason: FOCUS, NATURAL are fourth generation languages. Prolog, Mercury, OPS5 are fifth generation
languages. So option (d) is answer.
79. Answer : (b)
Reason : Pascal is a very popular high-level programming language developed by Professor Niklaus Wirth. So
option (b) is answer.
80. Answer : (b)
Reason : In object-oriented programming, the process of hiding the complexity and internal functionality of
objects is called abstraction. So option (b) is answer.
81. Answer : (b)
Reason : Database Administrators provide the necessary technical support for implementing the strategic and
policy decisions related to the data is any organization. So option (b) is answer.
82. Answer : (d)
Reason: The given key search comes under indexed sequential file organization. So option (d) is the answer.
83. Answer : (a)
Reason : Pile file organization is more suitable to be used as a temporary storage medium so that the data can be
structured or organized later. So option (a) is the answer.
84. Answer : (d)
Reason : Another name for transaction file is Log file. So option (d) is the answer.
85. Answer : (e)
Reason: Direct file organization is used when rapid access is required and fixed length records are used. So
option (e) is the answer.
86. Answer : (b)
Reason: Network databases support many-to-many relationships. They may be suitable for handling
voluminous transactions but not for handling ad hoc requests. The relational model provides ad hoc
request flexibility. So option (b) is the answer.
87. Answer : (b)
Reason: The network model is the oldest database management system. The first network model was developed
by GE in the mid 1960s. It was called Integrated Data Store (IDS).So option (b) is answer.
88. Answer : (b)
Reason: The entity-relationship (E-R) model and the object-oriented model fall under OBLM. Other models in
OBLM include the binary model, semantic data model, infological model, and the functional data
model. The unifying model and frame memory model come under the physical data models.
Hierarchical model, Relational model comes under Record-Based Logical models. So option (b) is
answer.
89. Answer : (a)
Reason: In addition to the creation of data manipulation objects, the actual manipulation of data within these
objects is done using SQL. The SQL sentences that are used to create these objects are called DDL
(Data Definition Language). The SQL sentences used to manipulate data within these objects are called
DML (Data Manipulation Language). The SQL sentences, which are used to control the behavior of
these objects are called DCL (Data Control language). So option (a) is answer.
90. Answer : (a)
Reason: The ability to correctly and consistently navigate and manipulate tables in the database is called data
integrity. So option (a) is answer.
91. Answer : (d)
Reason: Analytical databases store information that is extracted from the operational and external databases.
They contain information that is vital to the managers and the end users. Analytical databases are also
called management databases or information databases. They are also called multidimensional
databases as they use multidimensional data structures for organizing data. Online Analytical
Processing, Decision Support Systems, and Executive Information Systems use this database. So
option (d) is answer.
92. Answer : (e)
Reason: The functions involved in data resource management are: (1) database administration, (2) data
planning, and (3) data administration.
Data administration
Data administration is a function that involves establishing and enforcing policies and procedures for
data management. It involves the process of managing the collection, storage, and dissemination of all
data types in such a way that the data becomes a standardized resource that is available to all the end
users in the organization. It involves developing policies, setting corporate database design standards,
processing and security measures, and selecting database management and data dictionary software.
Database administration
Database administration is a function that is responsible for ensuring the proper and effective use of the
database management technology. It involves physical and logical design, developing and maintaining
a data dictionary, monitoring and enhancing the performance of databases, and enforcing standards for
database use and security.
So option (e) is answer.
93. Answer : (c)
Reason : An example of logical level abstraction is programming logic. An example of physical level
abstraction is machine level programming. An example of view level abstraction is an application
being used by the end users. So option (c) is answer.
94. Answer : (c)
Reason : The Entity-Relationship (E-R) model was proposed by Peter Pin-Shan Chen in 1976. The model was
proposed as a basis for unifying the different views of data which include the network and the
relational views. So option (c) is answer.
95. Answer : (c)
Reason : A relational database system must maintain data about the tables and all other objects in the database.
This information is called the data dictionary or the system catalog. A data dictionary is a file that
defines the way in which the database is organized. Data dictionaries do not contain any real data from
the database but only bookkeeping information about how to manage the data. It contains details of all
the files in the database, the records in each file, and the details of the fields in each record. So option
(c) is answer.
96. Answer : (d)
Reason: Many-to-many or M:N relationships take place when one instance of an entity P is associated with
zero, one, or many instances of another entity Q. And, one instance of entity Q is associated with zero,
one, or many instances of entity P. For example, in an organization, a single project (P) can be assigned
to many employees (Q) and at the same time, a single employee (Q) can be assigned to many projects
(P). This relationship is also called the N:M or non-specific relationship. So option (d) is answer.
97. Answer : (b)
Reason : Different Terms Used in Different Models
From the above table we can say that option (b) is answer.
E-R Model Relational Model Database Traditional Programmer
Entity Relation Table File
Entity Instance Tuple Row Record
Attribute Attribute Column Field
Identifier Key Key Key (or link)
98. Answer : (c)
Reason : The 'supplier number' is the primary key in the Supplier table. The foreign key in the Invoices table
points to that primary key. Supplier number in the supplier table is primary key, InvoiceNumber in the
Invoices table is the primary key and Supplier number in Invoices table is the foreign key. So option (c)
is the correct answer.
99. Answer : (d)
Reason : Select salesman_ name from salesman_master where sal_amt=3000.Remaining all are incorrect. So
option (d) is answer
100. Answer : (c)
Reason : Relational database management systems like DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Informix, Sybase
SQL Server, Ingres, SQLite, Access, etc. are based on the relational model. Iris, ONTOS, Jasmine,
ObjectStore, GemStone, O2, Vbase, and Orion are examples of object-oriented databases. Hence, from
above discussion, we can infer that option (c) is correct
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