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Posted By: Sra1 Member Level: Diamond Posted Date: 27 May 2008
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2007 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University B.Tech Metallurgy & Material Technology MECHANICS OF FLUIDS (Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007) Question paper
Set No 4
------------------
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Calculate the specific weight, specific mass, specific volume and specific gravity
of a liquid having a volume of 6 m
3 and weight of 44 kN.
(b) Distinguish between simple manometer and a differential manometer. [8+8]
2. (a) For an incompressible fluid the velocity components are
u = x3- y3- z2x, v = y3- z3,w = -3x2z - 3y2z + z33 . Determine whether
the continuity equation is satisfied.
(b) Distinguish between pathlines, stream lines and streaklines. [8+8]
3. An open circuit wind tunnel draws air from the atmosphere through a well con-
toured nozzle. In the test section, where the flow is straight and nearly uniform,
a static pressure tap is drilled into the tunnel wall. A manometer connected to
the tap shows that the wall pressure within the tunnel is 45 mm of water be-
low atmospheric. Assume that air is incompressible and at 250 C, pressure is 100
Kpa(absolute). Calculate the velocity in the wind tunnel section. Density of water
is 999kg/m
3 and characteristic gas constant for air is 287 J/Kg K. [16]
4. (a) Explain Reynolds’s model law.
(b) An orifice meter is to be fitted into a horizontal pipe of 25 cm diameter,
carrying oil of specific gravity 0.86 for the purpose of flow measurement. The
differential head is to be indicated by a U-tube Manometer containing mercury
of specific gravity 13.6. If the manometer reading is not to exceed 0.2 m when
the flow is 15 kg/sec. What would the diameter of the orifice? Take Cd=0.621.
[6+10]
5. (a) Distinguish between deformation drag, surface drag and form drag. In case
of sphere, discuss their relative importance at various increasing values of
Reynolds number.
(b) Calculate the diameter of the parachute to be used for dropping an object
weighing 1000 N so that the maximum terminal velocity of dropping is 5 m/sec.
The drag coefficient for parachute which may be treated as hemispherical is
1.3 and the value of density of air is 1.216 kg/m
3. [10+6]
6. (a) Derive Darcy-Weisbach equation for loss of head in a pipe.
(b) Two tanks are connected by a 300 mm diameter 1000 m long pipe. Find the
rate of flow if the difference of water level in the tank is 10 m. Take 4f = 0.04
and ignore minor losses. [10+6]
7. (a) What do you understand by turbulent flow? What factors decides the type of
flow in pipes?
(b) Water is flowing through a rough pipe of diameter 40cm and length 3000m at
the rate of 0.4 m
3/s. Find the power required to maintain this flow. Take the
average height of roughness of K = 0.3mm. [6+10]
8. (a) what is the relation between pressure and density of a compressible fluid for?
i. Isothermal process
ii. Adiabatic process.
(b) A gas is flowing through a horizontal pipe at a temperature of 40C. The
diameter of the pipe is 8cm and at a section I in the pipe, the pressure is
30.3N/cm2 (gauge). The diameter of the pipe changes from 8cm to 4cm at the
section II, where pressure is 20.3N/cm2 (gauge). Find the velocities of the gas
at these sections assuming an isothermal process. Take R=287.14Nm/Kg.K
and atmosphere pressure=10N/ cm2. [6+10]
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