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Posted By: Sanjana Member Level: Gold Posted Date: 11 Jun 2008
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2007 Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January Question paper
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
SCHOOL OF BIOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS
CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS
MODULE BL1001
2007/08
DEGREE EXAMINATION
January 2008
Time available: 2 hours
PRINT your name in BLOCK CAPITALS here, and your matriculation
number at the top of each page where requested:
SURNAME:
......................................................................................................
GIVEN NAMES (in full):
................................................................................
MATRICULATION NO:
.................................................................................
This examination paper comprises TEN questions, of
which you must answer EIGHT.
All questions carry equal value.
This examination book will be taken apart before marking, so WRITE
YOUR ANSWERS ONLY ON THE PAGE ON WHICH THE
QUESTION APPEARS. You can continue on the reverse of the page if
required.
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
1. (a) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an example of a
retrovirus. Briefly outline the meaning of “retrovirus”. (3 marks)
(b) The emergence of HIV/AIDS was recognised due to observed
clustering of rare cancers in certain (infected) populations.
i) Name one other virus which triggers cancer. (1 mark)
ii) Which cancer is triggered by this virus? (1 mark)
(c) Outline THREE mechanisms of cancer induction.
(5 marks)
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
2. Briefly discuss how animals may generate the rhythmic motor activity
that underlies locomotory functions such as walking and running.
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
3. Cells normally have a very low intracellular sodium concentration
compared to the sodium concentration in the extracellular fluid.
(a) How is this concentration gradient maintained? (4 marks)
(b) Give examples of cellular activities that rely on the existence of
this gradient for their normal function. (6 marks)
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
4. Draw an annotated diagram of a chloroplast, indicating the function of
each component.
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
5. Write notes on FOUR of the following:
Apical ectodermal ridge, bicoid mutations, homeotic genes, semiconservative
replication, Turner’s syndrome, penetrance.
(a) (2.5 marks)
(b) (2.5 marks)
(c) (2.5 marks)
(d) (2.5 marks)
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
6.
(a). Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a relatively rare inherited disorder in
humans which is characterised by progressive loss of peripheral and night
vision. The following pedigree reflects actual results:
Determine the mode of inheritance of the two families and give one reason in each
case:
A: ....................................................................................................................(2 marks)
B: ................................................................................................................... (2 marks)
Are the causative genes of the syndrome in the two families allelic? Explain.
(2 marks)
Give the genotypes of individuals:
111-7........................................................ 1V-4 .....................................................
111-8 ....................................................... 1V-5 .....................................................
(2 marks)
(b) Which of the following did Mendel interpret his results with garden peas as
demonstrating?
(1) blending inheritance (2) particulate inheritance (3) chromosomal inheritance (4)
cytoplasmic inheritance.
ANSWER ........................ (2 marks)
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
7. A testcross produces the following numbers of offspring which show
the wild type (+) or mutant phenotypes A, B or C. Construct a genetic
map, showing all your working.
A B C 140
A B + 300
+ + C 300
A + + 15
+ + + 140
+ B + 45
A + C 45
+ B C 15
TOTAL 1000
The parental classes are……………….. and ……………………
(2 marks)
The map is: ……………………………………………………(8 marks)
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
8. Describe the cellular pathways for the breakdown of glucose to CO2
and H2O. Include a description of how energy released is converted to
ATP.
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
9.
(a) What is an enzyme?
(b) In an assay for amylase, starch solution was mixed with 10 ng of
amylase and incubated for 1 hour. A total of 6 µmoles of glucose were
liberated from the starch. What was the rate of the hydrolysis reaction?
Express your answer in µmol.min-1µg-1.
(c) Starch is the main store of energy in plants. How do animals store
energy for long-term?
(d) What enzyme synthesises ATP in the mitochondrion?
(e) Draw an ATP molecule.
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
Cell Biology and Genetics Degree Examination January
MATRICULATION NO.:
......................................................................................................................
10. Photosynthesis:
(a) What is the overall equation for the photosynthetic reaction?
(b) i) Into which two main stages can this reaction be divided?
ii) Outline or draw schemes to describe what happens in each of
these stages.
iii) How are these two stages linked?
EXAMINER: please mark out of 10, and put mark here ...............
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