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AIDS in India
Posted Date:
23 May 2008
Total Responses:
41
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Posted By: srinivas Member Level: Gold Points: 1
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Write about AIDS in india ?
What is AIDS?
How it's Spread?
Prevention Methods?
Suggesting the infecting People?
Govt Inititives?
Post your Valueable information on this?
Srinivas Bhoosarapu ..
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Responses
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| Author: srinivas 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating:  Points: 2 | Good Iniative by Indian Railways ...
Spreading about AIDS by using RED Ribbon Express....
How about india AIR LINES....
| | Author: srinivas 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | How Microsoft working on AIDS control
More Prevention Can Save Millions
A new report calls for urgent expansion of global HIV prevention efforts, estimating half of the 60 million new infections expected by 2015 can be averted.
http://www.gatesfoundation.org/GlobalHealth/Pri_Diseases/HIVAIDS/default.htm
Srinivas Goud Bhoosarapu
| | Author: srinivas 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | NACO working on AIDS:
HIV prevalence continues to be higher among vulnerable groups. For instance, there is a significant population living with HIV and AIDS among IDUs in four of India’s biggest cities – Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai and Chandigarh. Young people are at greater risk, with the under-15 category accounting for 3.8 percent of all HIV infections, as against 3 percent in 2002.
Between 2005 and 2006, prevalence has fallen in some major states – Maharashtra from 0.80 to 0.74 percent, in Tamil Nadu from 0.47 to 0.39 percent – for instance. Yet, new areas of concern have emerged. In West Bengal, prevalence has gone up from 0.21 to 0.30 percent and in Rajasthan from 0.12 to 0.17 percent.
Youth and NACO
| | Author: srinivas 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | How youth working on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control for better Society..
Youth Training Program
Hope for the better Society in india with out HIV/AIDS
Srini..
| | Author: srinivas 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | About HIV/AIDS
AIDS is
Acquired – must do something to contract
Immune – ability to fight off infectious agents
Deficiency – lack of
Syndrome – cluster of symptoms that are Characteristic for a disease
HIV is:
Human – isolated to the human species
Immuno-Deficiency – Lacking the ability to fight off infectious agents
Virus – a disease causing agent
AIDS, Difficult to get, Impossible to cure but, Easy to prevent
Know AIDS & Prevent
Srini..
| | Author: Sra1 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Diamond | Rating: Points: 3 | good information srini .. lageraho
| | Author: srinivas 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Thanks ...SraOne...
| | Author: sobha wilson 23 May 2008 | Member Level: Diamond | Rating: Points: 2 | thanks for giving this information
| | Author: srinivas 28 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | How you respodent about the AIDS?
| | Author: srinivas 28 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | How to avoid AIDS ?
Prevention is better than Cure ..
How to Avoid AIDS?
Post Valueable comments..
| | Author: sachin 28 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | its viral disease
| | Author: Baljeet 28 May 2008 | Member Level: Diamond | Rating: Points: 2 | You can prevent AIDS by:-
1.You should be loyal to your partner
2. You should not use already used syringes
3. Make people aware about the details of how AIDS is spread, knowledge helps in preventing it
| | Author: srinivas 29 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | How to be loyal to the partner?
What are the causes for dis loyal to the partner?
How to use syringes ?
What is ATC?
where to install ATC?
| | Author: srinivas 29 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | According to health ministry sources India was spending $2 billion to fight the disease and had 75,000 people on free antiretroviral treatment so far, 2,000 centers giving sex education and condoms to sex workers and clients, and 3,600 free testing centers.
| | Author: srinivas 03 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Guide the people about the AIDS..HOw?
| | Author: srinivas 04 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Automatic Condom Vendor...
Mostly Driver are affected with drivers.. take care about it..
| | Author: srinivas 04 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | AIDS Pledge world wide:
http://pledges.worldaidscampaign.info/
| | Author: srinivas 11 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | STOP HIV/AIDS in INDIA INITIATIVE (SHAII)
(SHAII)is committed to bringing together groups and individuals to coordinate Indian and international advocacy efforts to build and promote a holistic response to HIV pandemics based on in-country needs.
http://www.shaii.org/
| | Author: prakash 11 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | good news
| | Author: prakash 11 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | good news
| | Author: Syed 16 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Diamond | Rating: Points: 2 | India has a population of one billion, around half of whom are adults in the sexually active age group. The first AIDS case in India was detected in 1986; since then HIV infection has been reported in all states and union territories.
The spread of HIV in India has been diverse, with much of India having a low rate of infection and the epidemic being most extreme in the southern half of the country and in the far north-east. The highest HIV prevalence rates are found in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka in the south; and Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland in the north-east.1
Four southern states (Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka) account for around 63% of all people living with HIV in India.2
In the southern states, HIV is primarily spread through heterosexual contact, while infections are mainly found amongst injecting drug users and sex workers in the north-east.
Estimated number of people living with HIV/AIDS, 2006
People living with HIV/AIDS 2 million - 3.1 million
Adult (15 years or above) HIV prevalence 0.36%
Previously it was thought that around 5 million people were living with HIV in India - more than in any other country. Better data, including the results of a national household survey, led to a major revision of the prevalence estimate in July 2007. It is now thought that around 2.5 million people in India are living with HIV.3
Back-calculation suggests that HIV prevalence in India may have declined slightly in recent years, though the epidemic is still growing in some regions and population groups.
HIV statistics, 2005-2006
The National Family Health Survey conducted between 2005 and 2006 measured HIV prevalence among the general adult population of India, as presented in the table below.4 The survey found the rate among men to be considerably higher than that among women.
Age group HIV prevalence (%)
Male Female Total
15-19 0.01 0.07 0.04
20-24 0.19 0.17 0.18
25-29 0.43 0.28 0.35
30-34 0.64 0.45 0.54
35-39 0.53 0.23 0.37
40-44 0.41 0.19 0.30
45-49 0.48 0.17 0.33
Total age 15-49 0.36 0.22 0.28
The National Family Health Survey, which tested more than 100,000 people for HIV, also found prevalence to be higher in urban areas (0.35%) than in rural areas (0.25%).
The table below presents HIV prevalence among women attending antenatal clinics. It also shows results from the National Family Health Survey for the six states in which most testing took place.
State/Union Territory Antenatal clinic HIV prevalence in 2006 (%)5 General population HIV prevalence in 2005-2006 (%)6
A & N Islands 0.17 -
Andhra Pardesh 1.26 0.97
Arunachal Pradesh 0.00 -
Assam 0.00 -
Bihar 0.50 -
Chandigarh 0.25 -
Chattisgarh 0.00 -
D & N Haveli 0.00 -
Daman & Diu 0.00 -
Delhi 0.00 -
Goa 0.50 -
Gujarat 0.50 -
Haryana 0.13 -
Himachal Pradesh 0.00 -
Jammu & Kashmir 0.00 -
Jharkhand 0.00 -
Karnataka 1.00 0.69
Kerala 0.13 -
Lakshdweep 0.00 -
Madhya Pardesh 0.00 -
Maharashtra 0.75 0.62
Manipur 1.25 1.13
Meghalaya 0.00 -
Mizoram 1.00 -
Nagaland 0.93 -
Orissa 0.50 -
Pondicherry 0.25 -
Punjab 0.00 -
Rajasthan 0.00 -
Sikkim 0.10 -
Tamil Nadu 0.25 0.34
Tripura 0.42 -
Uttar Pradesh 0.00 0.07
Uttranchal 0.00 -
West Bengal 0.00 -
Some areas report an HIV prevalence rate of zero in antenatal clinics. This does not necessarily mean that there is no HIV in the area, as some of them report the presence of the virus at STD clinics and amongst injecting drug users. In some states and territories the average antenatal HIV prevalence is based on reports from only a small number of clinics.
HIV prevalence among different population groups
The average HIV prevalence among women attending antenatal clinics in India is 0.60%. Much higher rates are found among people attending sexually transmitted disease clinics (3.74%), female sex workers (4.90%), injecting drug users (6.92%) and men who have sex with men (6.41%).
Rates vary widely between regions, and in 2006 were found to exceed 15% among female sex workers in Maharashtra and Nagaland; injecting drug users in Chandigarh, Maharashtra, Manipur and Tamil Nadu; and men who have sex with men in Maharashtra and Nagaland.7
AIDS data, end of August 20068
Gender Cumulative AIDS cases
Male 88,245
Female 36,750
Total 124,995
The statistics presented in these tables refer to reported AIDS cases. These are a poor guide to the severity of the epidemic as in many situations a patient will die without HIV having been diagnosed, and with the death attributed to an opportunistic infection, such as tuberculosis.
Transmission Categories Number of cases %
Sexual 106,669 85%
Mother-to-child 4,755 4%
Blood and blood products 2,563 2%
Injecting drug users 2,930 2%
Others (not specified) 8,078 6%
Total 124,995 100%
Age group Male Female Total
0-14 3,313 2,283 5,596
15-29 23,905 15,876 39,781
30-49 54,204 16,701 70,905
=50 6,823 1,890 8,713
Total 88,245 36,750 124,995
State/Union Territory AIDS cases
A & N Islands 37
Andhra Pradesh 15,099
Arunachal Pradesh 13
Assam 372
Bihar 155
Chandigarh (UT) 1,934
Chattisgarh 0
Daman & Diu 1
Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0
Delhi 2,759
Goa 657
Gujarat 6,873
Haryana 655
Himachal Pradesh 302
Jammu & Kahmir 2
Jharkhand 258
Karnataka 4,385
Kerala 1,769
Lakshadweep 0
Madhya Pradesh 1,729
Maharashtra 14,325
Manipur 2,866
Meghalaya 8
Mizoram 106
Nagaland 736
Orissa 641
Pondicherry 302
Punjab 454
Rajasthan 1,153
Sikkim 8
Tamil Nadu 52,036
Tripura 5
Uttar Pradesh 1,751
Uttranchal 79
West Bengal 2,397
Ahemdabad MC 726
Chennai MC 0
Mumbai MC 10,362
Total 124,995
| | Author: Ankit Mittal 16 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Silver | Rating: Points: 2 | India is one of the largest and most populated countries in the world, with over one billion inhabitants. Of this number, it's estimated that around 2.5 million Indians are currently living with HIV. 1
HIV emerged later in India than it did in many other countries. Infection rates soared throughout the 1990s, and today the epidemic affects all sectors of Indian society, not just the groups – such as sex workers and truck drivers – with which it was originally associated.
In a country where poverty, illiteracy and poor health are rife, the spread of HIV presents a daunting challenge.
| | Author: Ankit Mittal 16 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Silver | Rating: Points: 2 | Unlike developed countries, India lacks the scientific laboratories, research facilities, equipment, and medical personnel to deal with an AIDS epidemic. In addition, factors such as cultural taboos against discussion of sexual practices, poor coordination between local health authorities and their communities, widespread poverty and malnutrition, and a lack of capacity to test and store blood would severely hinder the ability of the Government to control AIDS if the disease did become widespread.
| | Author: Ankit Mittal 16 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Silver | Rating: Points: 2 | HIV infection is now common in India; exactly what the prevalence is, is not really known, but it can be stated without any fear of being wrong that infection is widespread… it is spreading rapidly into those segments that society in India does not recognise as being at risk. AIDS is coming out of the closet.
| | Author: srinivas 20 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Telugu Actors Jeevitha and Rajashekar are the New AIDS Compaingning Ambassodors.. ..
They will promote the AIDS Compaign in A.P...
| | Author: srinivas 20 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Find the AIDS Discussion Forum...
AIDS Discussion Forum
| | Author: srinivas 20 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Can AIDS be Controlled in India..
Can AIDS be Controlled in India..
| | Author: Syed 21 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Diamond | Rating: Points: 2 | Thanks Srini for commenting in my aids article
| | Author: krishnakant 21 Jun 2008 | Member Level: Silver | Rating: Points: 3 | When the AIDS will be stopped if this kind of things keep going on:
FROM Arvind Khamitkar , I.A.S,
Director of Medical& Research Div,Chennai
Dear Friends,
A few weeks ago, in a movie theatre, a person felt
something poking from her seat
W hen she got up to see what it was, she found a
needle sticking out of the seat with a note attached saying
'You have just been infected by HIV'.
The disease control Center (in Paris ) reports many similar
events in many other cities recently. All tested needles were HIV Positive.
The Center also reports that needles have b een found
in cash dispensers at public banking machines. We ask everyone to use extreme caution when faced with
this kind of situation. All public chairs/seats should be inspected with vigilance and caution before use. A careful visual inspection should be enough.. In addition, they ask that each of you pass this message along to all members of your family and your friends of the potential danger.
Recently, one doctor has narrated a somewhat similar
instance that happened to one of his patients at the Priya Cinema in Delhi .. A young girl, engaged and about to be married in a couple of months, was pricked while the movie was going on. The tag with the needle had the message
'Welcome to the World of HIV family'.
Though the doctors told her family that it takes about 6
months before the virus grows strong enough to start
damaging the system and a healthy victim could survive about 5-6 years,the girl died in 4 months, perhaps more because of the 'Shock thought'.
We all have to be careful at public places, rest God help! Just think about saving a life by forwarding this message. Please, take a few seconds of your time to pass along.
With Regards, Arvind Khamitkar ,
I.A.S, Director of Medical & Research Div, Chennai.
| | Author: srinivas 01 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 4 | How to start an organisation which works for the social service like AIDS Control, Child Labour and Education ,Health, Poverty ..
Fundraising for destutues..and many other services..
How to start it..
Please let me know the organisation structure .. whom to contact..
if some body already in the field how approach them?
| | Author: srinivas 02 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 4 | Micro soft Foundation donated 23 m for HIV/AIDS
Find the Details :
http://www.indiastudychannel.com/forum/15838-Bill-Gates-announces--m-grant-India.aspx
| | Author: srinivas 04 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 6 | HIV Situation
An estimated 2.5 million Indians are currently living with HIV. Concentrated in seven states with over 1% antenatal prevalence in four of the industrialized western and southern states of India (specifically Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu) and in the north-eastern states of Manipur and Nagaland, the epidemic is highly heterogenous. Although data gathered by NACO in 2007 has revealed that HIV prevalence has stabilised in at least Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharashtra, it is increasing in at-risk populations in other states. As a result, overall HIV prevalence has continued to rise.
A significant proportion of new infections is occurring in women who are married and who have been infected by husbands who either currently or in the past) frequented sex workers. Commercial sex (along with injecting drug use, in the cases of Nagaland and Tamil Nadu) serves as a major driver of the epidemic in most parts of India. Surveys in 2003 found 14% of commercial sex workers in Karnataka and 19% in Andhra Pradesh were infected with HIV. In Mysore, 26% of sex workers were HIV positive, according to a 2005 survey.
COMMERCIAL SEX & CONDOM USE
Surveys carried out in various parts of India in 2001 found that 30% of street-based sex workers did not know that condoms prevented HIV infection, and in some states, such as Haryana, fewer than half of all sex workers (brothel- and street-based) knew that condoms prevented HIV. Even four years later there seemed to have been no improvement in the situation. Surveys in 2005 again revealed that 42% thought they could tell whether a client had HIV on the basis of his physical appearance. At the same time, another study in Mysore revealed that only 14% of sex workers used condoms consistently with clients and that 91% of them never used condoms during sex with their regular partners.
There are some exceptions, of course. Among them are the sex workers of Kolkata’s Sonagachi red-light area (in West Bengal) who have shown that safer sex programmes that empower sex workers can curb the spread of HIV. Condom use in Sonagachi has risen as high as 85% and HIV prevalence among commercial sex workers declined to under 4% in 2004 (having exceeded 11% in 2001). In Mumbai, by contrast, available data suggest that sporadic and piecemeal efforts to promote condom use during commercial sex have not been as effective; there, HIV prevalence among female sex workers has not fallen below 52% since 2000 (NACO, 2004).
INJECTING DRUG USE
In the north-east of India, HIV transmission is concentrated chiefly among drug injectors and their sexual partners (some of whom also buy or sell sex), especially in the states of Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland, all of which lie adjacent to the drug-trafficking ‘Golden Triangle’ zone (Solomon et al., 2004). Some 20% of female sex workers said they injected drugs, according to behavioural surveillance. In other north-eastern states, about half as many sex workers have reported injecting drugs.
Harm reduction efforts (including needle and syringe exchange, as well as limited drug substitution programmes) were introduced in some states, such as Manipur. There, in 2003 the HIV prevalence among drug injectors was 24%—the lowest levels detected among injecting drug users in that state since 1998. Elsewhere the epidemics among drug injectors appear to be well established, with HIV prevalence having reached 14% in Nagaland in 2000–2003, for example.
But not only in the North-east, there has been a sharp rise in HIV infections among drug injectors in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, where 39% were HIV-infected in 2003, compared with 25% in 2001. In Chennai, Tamil Nadu, almost two thirds (64%) of injectors were HIV-positive, according to sentinel surveillance done in 2003.
OTHER FACTORS
Relatively little is known about the role of sex between men in India’s HIV epidemic. The few studies that have examined this complex dimension of sexuality in India have found that significant numbers of men do have sex with other men. One study, undertaken among residents slum areas in Chennai, has found that 6% of men had had sexual intercourse with another man. Almost 7% of the men who had sex with other men were HIV-positive, and more than half them were married.
Poverty combined with low status does not allow a vast majority of women to negotiate safe sex, and thus makes them vulnerable to the disease. Like in many other developing countries, migration and mobility not only makes people vulnerable to HIV but is also a contributing factor to the spread of the disease.
GOVERNMENT RESPONSE
Beginning with the establishment of a National AIDS Control Program (NACP), managed by a small unit within the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, the government has over time scaled up its response considerably.
The Government has already implemented various programmes and amended rules regarding blood safety and established a decentralized mechanism to facilitate effective state-level responses to HIV prevention programmes, through NACP I and II. It is currently preparing for NACP III.
The design of NACP 3 includes a complex consultative process. State specific and nationwide consultations are being held with national stakeholders such as PLWHA networks, local and international NGOs, experts and practitioners of HIV control initiatives, as well as international development partners.
NACP I, II and III
The NACP 1 which lasted from 1992-1999 met several challenges – from limited capacity to denial and low commitment -- headlong and registered some success. The achievements included capacity building in manegerial and technical aspects of the programme in all states and union territories, setting up of training centres for personnel in management of HIV and strengthening some 500 STD clinics. Importantly, blood transfusion without license was made illegal and by the end of the project term in 1999, there were no unlicensed blood banks. Also, 154 zonal blood testing centres were set up and 815 public sector and voluntary blood banks strengthened. Surveillance capacity was developed in 140 centres and 180 sentinel sites nationwide.
The NACP II which finished its run in March 2006, sought to shift focus from raising awareness to changing behaviour through interventions. The Project aimed at evidence-based planning, prevention and an expanded mandate for care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS.
Priority was given to setting up annual sentinel surveillance, HIV case detection, mapping of high-risk groups and behavioural survelliance. Building on the experience of the first phase, there was a twin drive to focus on coverage amongst high risk groups like sex workers, truck drivers and injecting drug users and to make the programme multi-sectoral. It resulted in a strongly decentralized programme with the responsibility of implementation vested with the states. Flexible State AIDS Societies were formed with stronger mechanisms for state level programme management. The outcomes envisaged in the NACP II were to keep HIV seroprevalence below 5% of the adult population in high prevalence states, below 3% in the moderate prevalence states and below 1% in the low prevalence states.
The NACP III (2007-2012), launched recently, has been designed after series of consultation at the national, state and district levels drawing from the experiences NACP I & II. With the overall goal to halt and reverse the epidemic in India over the next five years by integrating programmes for prevention, care, support and treatment, the NACP III will use a four pronged strategy of:
Preventing new infections in high risk groups and general population
Providing greater care, support and treatment to PLHAs
Strengthening the infrastructure systems and human resources in prevention, care, support and treatment programmes at the district, state and national level
Strengthening the nationwide Strategic Information Management System
The specific objectives of NACP-III are to reduce the estimated new infections:
By 60 percent in the first year of the programme in high-prevelance states, so as to obtain reversal of the epidemic
By 40 percent in the vulnerable states so as to stabilize the HIV epidemic.
The total proposed financial requirement of Rs 11,585 crore including budgeting and extra budgetary support.
ANTI-RETROVIRAL TREATMENT
As Indian-manufactured generic drugs entered the market and costs of anti-retroviral treatment registered a sharp decline, conditions were feasible, to some extent, for the government to provide free anti-retroviral treatment. From April 1, 2004, anti-retroviral treatment is being provided free of cost at government hospitals in six high prevalence states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnakata, Manipur, Nagaland and Delhi.
Additionlly, the government priorised three categories for intial outreach: 1) the HIV positive women who access government antinatal clinics, 2) children up to 15 years of age and 3) adults with full blown AIDS who access government hospitals for care and treatment. Between 2004-05, the government sought to increase the number of ART centres from 8 to 25.
RESEARCH, VACCINE TRIALS
Almost 60 microbicidial products or compounds are under development world-wide and some of these have entered into phase II clinical trials. In India, research and development is being undertaken on polyherbal neem based microbicide tablets. Phase I trial of this microbicide was conducted by National Institute of Research on Reproductive Health, Mumbai and PGI, Chandigarh. The product has been found safe. Extended and initial efficacy trials are being conducted by National AIDS Research Institute, Pune.
Condom use, mutual monogamy and abstinence are not any real options for a lot of women, specially in a developing country where poverty and gender inequality is high. For those who lack the power of negotiating sex safe, microbicides are a potentially lifesaving alternative to condoms.
As regards vaccines, several of these have been reviewed to select the most appropriate one for India. A multistakeholder Advisory Board is in place to deliberate the legal, ethical and socio-behavioural issues related to vaccine trials in the country. In July 2005, India and America agreed to speed up the review of generic antiretroviral drugs by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (eight of the 10 drugs approved so far are made in India.)
CORPORATE SUPPORT AND HIV/AIDS
By corporate sector’s own admission, their proactive engagement into HIV/AIDS in India has till recently remained piecemeal. From late 2005, however, there has been a flurry of activity with business houses coming together to chalk out a roadmap in establishing corporate HIV/AIDS programs targeted at the workforce and/or community of private sector companies.
A mid-2005 Global Health Initiative study of the World Economic Forum had revealed that just 7% of Indian companies expected HIV/AIDS to have any serious impact on their operations. The report “Business & HIV/AIDS : A Healthier Partnership?” surveyed 11,000 business leaders in 117 countries between January and May 2005. Of the Indian corporate bodies surveyed, only 11% had any written policy to combat discrimination in promotion, pay or benefits based on HIV status. About 31% reported having an informal policy, while 52% had no policy to face the expected challenge.
The report observes that 76% of Indian companies surveyed claim to have a prevention programme, while only 29% have provision for any voluntary testing against the global average of 33%. In 50% of cases there was no provision for voluntary testing, 45% had no facilities to distribute condoms, and 67% had no treatment programme.
On the positive side, 14% had an active policy to protect workers, with 10% ensuring access to anti-retroviral treatment, 19% to promotion of condom usage, and 29% to providing voluntary testing facilities.*
In September 2005 CoRE-BCSD India - a 52 company strong platform for Indian corporates to accomplish their mission for sustainable development - initiated action to strengthen Indian industry’s response to the HIV epidemic. The process is expected to generate a dialogue in the company on a disease that concerns everyone. Three possible areas where business houses could initiate, support/ scale up awareness and prevent the spread of the epidemic were identified:
their workplace – by raising awareness about HIV/AIDS and promoting prevention among employees in the workplace, and by extending such education programs throughout their operations and to partners in their supply chain;
their clinical facilities – by training medical and clinical staff on HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), i.e. modes of transmission, prevention (with a special focus on universal precautions related to HIV infection in clinical settings), basic counseling skills, syndromic management of STIs, opportunistic infections related to HIV and anti-retroviral treatment therapies;
their communities – by supporting or scaling-up the awareness and prevention efforts within high risk or vulnerable populations around their operations, particularly the migrant workers and trucking community which some companies see as key stakeholders, or with whom they interact on a day-to-day basis.
Intervention also includes forming an action plan that will be reviewed on a regular basis and drafting a HIV/AIDS policy that will be promoted at all levels at the workplace.
In March 2006, Global Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS (GBC) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) jointly initiated a project engaging corporations involved in Business Process Outsourcing. GBC’s work with India’s growing BPO industry is supported by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and GBC Corporate Advisory Board member Ratan N. Tata.
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
There are numerous NGOs working on HIV/AIDS issues in India at the local, state, and national levels. Projects include targeted interventions with high risk groups; direct care of people living with HIV/AIDS; general awareness campaigns; and care for children orphaned by AIDS. Funding comes from local contributors, international donors as well as state and central governments.
Donors
India receives technical assistance and funding from a variety of UN partners and bilateral donors. Bilateral donors such as USAID, CIDA, and DFID have been involved since the early 1990s at the state level in a number of states. USAID has committed more than US$70 million since 1992, CIDA US$11 million, and DFID close to US$200 million.
The number of major financers and the amount of funding available has increased significantly in the last year. Since 2004, the Gates Foundation has pledged US$200 million for the next five years, the Global Fund has approved US$54 million for HIV/AIDS for projects in rounds two, three and four. DFID has also increased its financing and is considering the inclusion of additional states. Other more recent donors include DANIDA, SIDA, the Clinton Foundation and the European Union.
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HIV/AIDS Estimates
HIV in India - A fast spreading epidemic
1986: First case of HIV detected in Chennai
1990: HIV levels among High Risk Groups like Sex workers and STD clinic attendants in Maharashtra and amongst Injecting Drug Users in Manipur reaches over 5 percent.
1994: HIV no longer restricted to high risk groups in Maharashtra, but spreading into the general population. HIV also spreading to the states of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu where high risk groups have over 5 percent HIV prevalence.
1998: Rapid HIV spread in the four large southern states, not only in highrisk groups but also in the general population where it has reached over 1percent. Infection rate among antenatal women reaches 3.3 in Namakkal in Tamil Nadu and 5.3 in Churachandpur in Manipur. Among IDUs in Churachandpur it crosses 76 percent and in Mumbai, 64.4 per cent.
1999: The infection rate in antenatal women in Namakkal rises to 6.5. About 60 per cent of the sex workers in some Mumbai sites are infected. Infection rates among STD patients have reached up to 30 percent in Andhra Pradesh and 14-60 per cent in Maharashtra. About 64.4 percent IDUs at one of the sites in Mumbai and 68.4 percent in Chruachandpur are infected.
2001: Infection crosses one per cent in six states. These states account for 75 per cent of the country's estimated HIV cases. The Prime Minister addresses the Chief Ministers of high prevalence states and urges them to intensify prevention activities.
2002: In year 2003 there has been an increase of about 6 lakh infections (4.58 million). This increase has been noticed primarily in states of Karnataka, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. There is no significant increase in HIV infections in the country. India continues to be in the category of low prevalence countries with overall prevalence of less than 1 percent.
| | Author: misha 04 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Silver | Rating: Points: 6 | aids mean acquired immuno deficiency syndrome
aids is caused by virus.this virus attack our imune system and make it weak because of which our body acquire any disease frequently.not medicien for the complete cure of aids have been discovered till now.we can fight with aids to some extent by using ART availabe in nearest govt. medical center for free.
we should not negelect aids patient as aids is not a communical desease.we should not make any sexual contacts with aids patient as aids is sexually transmitted dieseae.
many steps have been taken by the govt. to creat awareness among the people and it works. many ngo's also put their steps forward to eliminate this disease.
one should always use condoms during sex.
| | Author: Santhosh 07 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Bronze | Rating: Points: 3 | Hi Srini,
You have done a good job, keep it up.
You are providing most valuable information to the members of this forum and also viewers of the net.
Hoping to see more in future.
Thanks
Santhosh
| | Author: kotlakirankumar 28 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Silver | Rating: Points: 2 | aids is the major problem for the world countries.
the third generation countries are more effected to this.
| | Author: kotlakirankumar 28 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Silver | Rating: Points: 2 | srinivas you did a good jobthe statistics have to help to other those dont aware of the aids
please post some more description
thanks
| | Author: sunil 29 Jul 2008 | Member Level: Diamond | Rating: Points: 5 | In a country like our's where people look after themselves and their family, no mater how many precautions you make we cannot stop it.
the realisation has to come from the people who will suffer.
If the government had taken a wise decision i.e to spread awareness among people long back,then india won't be in a situtation as it is now.
aids spreads from a number of factors like illegal use of injections,through unprotected sex.
| | Author: Rahul 09 Aug 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Aids is very dangerous disease.lakhs of peoples die every year from this . in this prevention is better than cure. always use protection .
| | Author: Amarender Kancharla 10 Aug 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 6 | Let me give the exact fullform of AIDS.
It is Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome.
In country like india which has a very large population and most of
illiteracy its difficult to control AIDS as many of the people exactly dont know what are the preventive measures to avoid it.
Government should really undertake few seminars in different villages to make understand people how exactly it spreads and how we can prevent from getting infected to it, not only government even its responsible of each and every citizen to understand their counterparts so that the message spreads in such a way.
| | Author: srinivas 26 Aug 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 2 | Not only the Govt should take responsilbilites we have to spread a word about the AIDS..Also work with the NGO's .
| | Author: srinivas 27 Aug 2008 | Member Level: Gold | Rating: Points: 4 | Good to see the one more thread about the AIDS Awareness program .
Share more about it....contribute some thing to society as a Citizen of the india.
http://indiastudychannel.com/forum/17998-How-AIDS-Spread.aspx
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