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Introduction
Magnets and magnetic fields are used in everyday electrical equipment such as motors and refrigerators. You will also find them in electronic equipment like cell phones and radios. A magnetic field can be produced by a permanent magnet, or by electrical current flowing through a wire. You can make an electromagnet by wrapping a coil of wire around a magnetic material (e.g., iron, magnesium, or cobalt). When current flows through the coil, a magnetic field is produced. This type of magnet is an electromagnet.
Magnetic fields are also important in communication systems. The waves used to transfer information for television and radio broadcasts or cell phone calls are electromagnetic waves. Light, x-rays, and radio waves are all examples of electromagnetic waves.
The strength of a magnetic field can be measured. Magnetic field strength is measured in units of gauss (abbreviated G). The device that is used to measure the magnetic field strength is called the gaussmeter.
The gaussmeter that you will build for this project is based on the Hall effect, discovered by Dr. Edwin Hall in 1879. Hall discovered that when a current is passing through a thin sheet and a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the sheet, a voltage (called the Hall voltage) is generated across the third dimension, perpendicular to the direction of the original current. The magnitude of the Hall voltage is proportional to magnetic field strength. The Hall effect is used in different applications including making an electric motor.
Your gaussmeter will be based on an integrated circuit that allows you to measure the Hall voltage generated by a magnetic field. You'll learn how to build the gaussmeter, and how to use it to measure magnetic field strength. You'll also learn how to use your gaussmeter to identify the north and south poles of a magnet.
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| Author: sharathsathisan | Member Level: Silver | Revenue Score: |
nly detailed responses with appropriate grammar and spelling will be eligible for AdSense revenue share.
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