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HISTORY
? Artificial Intelligent was coined by JOHN MCCARTHY in 1956.
? US first there was the formation of a consortium of private company in 1983 to develop advanced technologies that apply AI techniques.
? He also laid the foundation of the AI industry at the same time earning the title "Father of Artificial Intelligence".
? The first AI program called "The Logic Theorist" was written by Allen Newell, J.C. Shaw and Herbert Simon in 1956.
Definition:
• The area of computer science focusing on creating machines that can engage in human behaviors of intelligence is called "Artificial Intelligence"
• Developing Computer Program to solve complex problems by Application of processes that are analogous to human reasoning processes
• US first there was the formation of a consortium of private company in 1983 to develop advanced technologies that apply AI techniques.
PROBLEM SOLVING
• Define the problem precisely. This definition must include precise specification of what the initial situation will be as well as what final situation constitute acceptable solution to the problem.
• Analyze the problem
• A few very important features can have an immense impact on the appropriateness of various possible techniques for solving the problem.
• Example : “play chess” 8 x 8 matrix\
Natural Language Processing (NPL):
• Cybernetics: the study of communication in human and computers.
• Language is meant for communicating about the world.
• By studying language, we can comp to understand
• more about the world.
Speech Recognition
• Spoken Language is a natural form of Communication in many human-computer interfaces.
• Sphinx can recognize continuous speech without training for each speaker. It operates in near real time using a vocabulary of 1000 words and has 94% word accuracy.
• Speech recognition is used for blind persons
• to interact with computers.
Limitation:
• The System work for that one Person
Achievements of AI
• Deep Thought is an international grand master chess player.
• Navlab is a truck that can drive along a road at 55mph in normal traffic.
• Carlton and United Breweries use an AI planning system to plan production of their beer.
• Robots are used regularly in manufacturing.
• Natural language interfaces to databases can be obtained on a PC.
• Machine Learning methods have been used to build expert systems.
• Expert systems are used regularly in finance, medicine, manufacturing, and agriculture
Game playing:
• Charles babbage , the nineteenth-century computer architect, thought about programming his analytical Engine to play chess in 1953.
• How many moves or path are correct.
• Example chess : 8 x 8 array .
Conclusion
• Artificial Intelligence is the most easiest and secure way for implementing human activities by the system
References
Books
Artificial intelligence
- Kevin Knignt.
Fundamental of artificial intelligence
- Nill j. Nilsson.
Web sites:
www.wekipedia.com.
www.google.com.
www.indiastudychannel.com
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| Author: Prasad 18 May 2008 | Member Level: Gold Points : 2 |
Most useful information
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| Author: Abdul Sathar 18 May 2008 | Member Level: Diamond Points : 2 |
Hi dear friend,
Your lesson “Artificial Intelligence" is very informative and useful. But in my opinion it is better to include various countries contributions for the development for the same especially Japan. Anyway thank you for your hard work.
Best regards
Abdul sathar
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