KANNUR UNIVERSITY
FIRST YEAR B.Sc. BOTANY (SUBSIDIARY) SYLLABUS
PAPER – I: PLANT DIVERSITY AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
PLANT DIVERSITY:
VIRUSES & BACTERIA
General account of Viruses and Bacteria.
Structure and reproduction of Bacteriophage.
Economic importance of Viruses and Bacteria.
CYANOBACTERIA
General account and economic importance.
Nostoc, structure and reproduction.
ALGAE
General account and classification.
CHLOROPHYCEAE
General characters and economic importance.
Structure and life history of the following types.
Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Spirogyra, Oedogonium.
XANTHOPHYCEAE
General characters and reproduction.
Vaucheria, structure, reproduction and life history.
PHAEOPHYCEAE
General account and economic importance.
Sargassum, structure, reproduction and life history.
RHODOPHYCEAE
General characters and economic importance.
Batrachospermum, structure, reproduction and life history.
FUNGI
General characters, classification, Mycorrhiza.
Economic importance.
Structure, reproduction and life history of the following.
Rhizopus, Puccinia.
Lichen, brief account only.
Usnea, structure and reproduction.
BRYOPHYTA
General characters, classification and economic importance.
Structure, reproduction and life history of the following.
Riccia, Funaria.
PTERIDOPHYTA
General characters, classification and economic importance.
Structure, reproduction and life history of the following.
Selaginella, Nephrolepis.
(Developmental details viz. Heterospory and seed habit not needed)
GYMNOSPERMS
General account, classification and economic importance.
Cycas, structure, reproduction and life history.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
PLANT WATER RELATIONS
Cell as a physiological unit. Osmosis, Imbibition. Diffusion,
D.P.D. Water potential, Absorption of water, (active & passive).
Plasmolysis, cohesion, tension and transpiration pull theory.
TRANSPIRATION
Significance, factors affecting transpiration, mechanism of stomatal
opening and closing, (k+ transport theory).
Guttation and antitranspirants.
MINERAL NUTRITION
Essential, non- essential, macro and micro elements, brief account only.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Significance, site of photosynthesis, pigments, photochemical phase.
Electron transport chain. Photophosphorylation, cyclic and non cyclic.
Biosynthetic phase, Calvin cycle, C3 and C4 pathways.
Photorespiration, Crassulacean Acid Metabolism, factors affecting photosynthesis.
Law of limiting factors, light, temperature, water, nutrient supply.
Leaf factor. Chemosynthesis- a brief account.
PLANT GROWTH & REGULATION
Phases of growth, growth curve.
Plant growth regulators - Auxins, Gibberillins,Cytokinins
Ethylene, Absisic acid - physiological functions only.
Senescence - brief account only.
PHOTOPERIODISM AND VERNALIZATION
Brief account only.
PRACTICALS
Students must be able to:
Make, examine, draw, and identify micro preparations of plant diversity specimens.
Identify the reproductive stages of the above specimens assigning reasons.
PLANT DIVERSITY
a) Nostoc colony, trichome enlarged.
b) Chlamydomonas, habit
c) Volvox, colony with daughter colony, showing zygote.
d) Spirogyra, single filament,single cell scalariform and lateral conjugations.
e) Oedogonium, single filament, single cell, oogonium with dwarf male.
f) Vaucheria thallus, sexual reproduction.
g) Sargassum, thallus, stipe T.S, male and female receptacle.
h) Batrachospermum thallus
i) Rhizopus asexual. and sexual.
j) Puccinia -Teleuto Uredo, Pycnial and Aecidial
k) Usnea thallus with apothecium, Apothecium V.S.
l) Riccia habit, thallus T.S. Thallus T.s. with antheridia and archegonia
m) Riccia thallus with sporogonium V.S.
n) Funaria gametophyte, gametophyte with sporopyte, archegonial and antheridial clusters
o) Funaria, capsule V.S.
p) Selaginella, habit, stem T.S., strobilus V.S.
q) Nephrolepis, habit, petiole T.S. sporophylls T.S. prothallus , prothallus with s.phyte
r) Cycas, seedling, coralloid root T.S., leaf let and rachis T.S. male cone entire and V.S,
microsporophyll, megasporophyll. Ovule, ovule V.S.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
1. Explain with suitable diagrams and working of experiments setup to demonstrate various
physiological phenomena.
a) Osmosis - Thistle funnel osmoscope.
b) Effect of stomatal number on rate of transpiration. (Cobalt chloride test)
c) Effect of root pressure on ascent of sap.
d) Relation between absorption and transpiration. (Water balance)
e) Rate of transpiration by Ganong's potometer.
f) Separation of different photosynthetic pigment using paper chromatography.
g) Rate of photosynthesis by Wilmot's bubbler.
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