System Software

SYSTEM SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING

Prerequisites:
1 Computer Organization
2 Data Structures and Files
3 Microprocessor and Assembly Language.
4 Theory of Computation

Objectives:
1 To learn and understand fundamentals of Systems Programming .
2 To design and develop various system software.

Unit I Introduction to system software and Assembler : 8 Hrs.
Introduction to system software, need,
Components: Assembler, Macro processor, Compiler, Interpreter, Loader,
Linker.
Assembler:
Elements of assembly language processing
A simple assembly scheme
Pass structure of Two Pass assembler
Design of II Pass assembler:
Processing of Imperative, Declarative and Assembler directives to
be considered
Pass I along with data structures, Flowchart
Intermediate Code, Variants
Pass II flow chart/algorithm
Various data structures that can be used and their comparison
Concept Of Single Pass assembler: Backpatching,
Comparison of single & II pass Assembler.

Unit II Macros

Macro definition and Call
Macro Expansion
Design of Macro Processor: Definition and expansion processing
algorithms along with Data structures
Nested Macro calls: Call within a call and definition within a
definition – Flow chart along with one example to be discussed.
C Preprocessor

Unit III Compiler I:
Phases of compiler
Block Diagram
Discussion of simple assignment statement and the output
generated by all phases by compiler
Lexical Analysis:
Finite Automata, Regular Expression, RE to DFA
Implementation of lexical Analyzer
Syntax Analysis
Context Free Grammars
Derivation of Parse Tress
Parsers
Top Down Parsers: Recursive Descent Parser, Predictive
Parser
Bottom Up Parsing : Shift Reduce Parser, SLR parser

Unit IV Compiler II:
Intermediate code formats
Postfix notation, Parse and syntax tress, Three address code,
quadruples and triples
Quadruple generation for 1D and 2D arrays
Code optimization:
Machine Independent: Common Subexpression elimination,
removing of loop invariants, Reduction in strengths.
Machine dependent Issues: Assignment and use of registers,
Rearrangement of Quadruples for code optimization.
Issues of Code generation

Unit V Loaders and Linkers:
Loader Schemes
Compile and Go Loader Scheme
General Loader Scheme
Absolute Loaders
Subroutine Linkages
Relocating Loaders
Direct Linking Loaders
Design of Absolute Loader
Design of Direct Linking Loader
Specification of Problem
Specification of Data Structures
Format of Data Bases
Algorithm/Flowchart
Dynamic linking
Other Loading Schemes: Binders, Linking Loaders, Overlays,
Dynamic
Binders.

Unit VI System Software Development Tools:
Software tools for program development
Editors
Debug monitors
Programming Environment
User Interfaces
Lex and Yacc

System Software

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