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various heart disease
Posted Date: 16 Apr 2008 Resource Type: Articles/Knowledge Sharing Category: General
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Posted By: vijay kumar Member Level: Diamond
Rating:  Points: 3
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Cardiomyopathy. These are diseases of the heart muscle. Some forms of cardiomyopathy are genetic, while others occur for reasons that are less well understood. The most common type of cardiomyopathy in developed nations is ischemic cardiomyopathy, which is caused by the loss of heart muscle from a heart attack resulting from coronary artery disease. Some forms of cardiomyopathy affect the contraction of the heart (systolic dysfunction) while other forms affect the filling, or relaxation, phase of the heart (diastolic dysfunction).
Valvular heart disease. These are diseases of the valves within the heart. Blood flows in the correct direction within the heart because of a series of valves. When a valve is diseased, blood flow may become obstructed, a condition known as valvular stenosis. Or a valve may leak, causing a condition known as valvular insufficiency or valvular regurgitation. You may be born with valvular disease, or the valves can become infected and damaged by bacteria or other microorganisms, a condition known as infectious endocarditis.
Pericardial disease. These are diseases of the sac (pericardium) that encases the heart. Diseases of the pericardial sac can secondarily affect the heart itself. There are several types of pericardial disease, including inflammation (pericarditis), fluid accumulation (pericardial effusion) and stiffness (constrictive pericarditis). These forms can occur alone or together. Causes and consequences vary. For instance, pericardial effusion can occur after a heart attack and, as a result, prevent your heart from working efficiently.
Congenital heart disease. These are forms of heart disease that develop before birth (congenital). Some may be apparent right at the time of birth, while others may not be detected until later in life. Congenital heart disease can affect the formation of the heart's chambers, muscle or valves, and include such conditions as narrowing of a section of the aorta (coarctation) and Ebstein's anomaly.
Congestive heart failure. Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart no longer pumps normally, although it does continue to work to some degree. With less effective pumping, vital organs don't get enough blood, causing such signs and symptoms as shortness of breath, fluid retention and fatigue. This condition may develop suddenly or over many years. Congestive heart failure occurs as a result of other cardiovascular conditions that have damaged or weakened the heart. Among them are coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, and some forms of congenital heart disease.
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