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Software Engineering -Concepts-5
Posted Date: 14 Jun 2008 Resource Type: Articles/Knowledge Sharing Category: Computer & Technology
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Posted By: Girish Patil Member Level: Diamond
Rating:  Points: 2
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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
A Component is a tested, special purpose software unit which is reusable, adaptable, portable and interoperable. In software terms, components are also called componentware (CM).
Framework is the combination of components that can be plugged into an application.
A Software interface is the program that makes it possible for components to interact and interoperate with each other. Eg. JAVA BEANS
( DCOM is abbreviated as Distributed Component Object Model. )
Software Entities are the processes, requirements, products and resources of a software engineering landscape.
An Engineering approach to software engineering is to produce system on time and within budget.
Software Development problems are :
1) Conceptual problem.
2) Representation problem.
Vanilla Framework helps to bridge gap between a high level solution, to a problem and its implementation in software.
Software Requirement Specification (SRS) : This is a blueprint for the complete design of a software product.
Quality Factors : correctness, reliability, maintainability, testability, efficiency, integrity, usability, portability, interoperability, reusability.
Reusability Criterion :
Self Descriptive : this is with natural language.
Modularity : means change in one component has minimal impact on other.
Portability : means transfer of software from one system to other.
Platform Independence means it can execute on any type of platform.
Incremental Approach to software development has been formulated by watts Humphrey.
Clean Room Engineering is used to control the quality of incrementally developed software product and to certify the fitness of software products for usage at time of delivery.
CAPABILITY MATURITY MODEL (CMM) :
CMM describes software process management maturity relative to five levels
ie., Initial, Repeatable, Defined, Managed, Optimizing
In the Initial level there is a lack of planning and the development of a clear-cut guide that software development teams can follow. Few details of a software process have been defined at this level. Good results are considered miraculous.
KPA ---- Key Process Areas
In the Second level ie., the CMM Repeatable Process is characterized by a commitment to discipline in carrying out a software development project. And is achieved by : Requirements management, software project planning, software project tracking and oversight, software subcontract management, software quality assurance, software configuration management.
In the Third level ie., the CMM Defined Process is to guide the structuring and evaluation of a software project. And is achieved by : Organisational process focus and definition, training program, software product engineering, intergroup coordination, peer reviews.
In the Fourth level ie., the CMM Managed Process is for data gathering and analysis and managing software quality. And is achieved by : Quantitative process management, Software quality management.
In the Fifth level ie., the CMM Optimizing Process is associated with defect prevention, automation of the software process wherever possible, and methods for improving software quality and team productivity and shortening development time.
Validation occurs whenever a system component is evaluated to ensure that it satisfies system requirements.
Verification consists in checking whether the product of a particular phase satisfies the conditions imposed at that phase.
Software Evolution : This is characterized by genotypes and phenotypes.
A genotype provides information about a member of a population.
A phenotype characterizes the behavior of a population member.
Evolution pattern = where || why || what || when || how || by-whom.
Software Life-Cycle : This is the period of time beginning with a concept for a software product and ending whenever the software is no longer available for use.
The Software life-cycle typically includes the following: Requirements, Analysis, Design, construction, testing (Validation), installation, operation, maintenance, and retirement.
Several models (spiral, waterfall etc.) have been proposed to describe this process.
Software Life-Cycle Model represents the activities, their inputs and outputs and their interactions during the life-cycle.
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