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Software Engineering -Concepts-4
Posted Date: 14 Jun 2008 Resource Type: Articles/Knowledge Sharing Category: Computer & Technology
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Posted By: Girish Patil Member Level: Diamond
Rating:  Points: 2
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Software Life-Cycle Models :
What is Software Engineering ?
The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to development, operation, and maintenance of software; that is, the application of engineering to software.
The specification, development, management, and evolution of software systems.
A discipline whose aim is the production of quality software, delivered on time, within budget, and satisfying users' needs.
Designing and developing high-quality software. Application of computer science techniques to a variety of problems.
What is a CASE tool ?
CASE stands for Computer Aided Software Engineering; it can be used to mean any computer-based tool for software planning, development, and evolution.
What is a Function Point ?
Function points and feature points are methods of estimating the "amount of functionality" required for a program, and are thus used to estimate project completion time. The basic idea involves counting inputs, outputs, and other features of a description of functionality.
What is a Spiral Model ?
Basically, the idea is evolutionary development, using the waterfall model for each step; it's intended to help manage risks. Don't define in detail the entire system at first.
The developers should only define the highest priority features. Define and implement those, then get feedback from users/customers (such feedback distinguishes "evolutionary" from "incremental" development).
With this knowledge, they should then go back to define and implement more features in smaller chunks.
What is a Spec Mark?
SPEC mark refers to the results of the first suite
What is Hungarian Notation?
A naming convention for C code.
What is SEI Maturity Model?
First step in improving the existing situation is to get management buy-in and management action to clean up the software management processes.
Second step (Integration) is to get everyone working together as a team.
Third step (Measurements) is to establish objective ways of understanding status and predict where things are going in your process.
Continuous improvement: Understand that this is building a foundation for continually getting better.
What is a BUG?
A Fault, Failure, Mistake.
What is a Clean Room?
'Cleanroom' is a software process based on mathematical verification of components and statistical system-level testing.
What is Personal Software Process?
A discipline for monitoring, testing, and improving your own Software Engineering works.
What are the two major types of testing?
The following are the two major groups of testing
i) Black Box testing
ii) Glass box testing.
Black Box testing: Functional or black box testing is an approach to testing where the tests are dirived from the program or component specification. The system is a black box whose behavior can only be determined by studying its inputs and the related outputs.another name for this is the functional testing because the tester is only concentrated with the functionality and not the implementation of the software.
Black Box testing focusses on the functional requirements of the software i.e, Black Box testing enables the software engineer to derive sets of input conditions that will fully exercise all functiol requirements for a program.
The challenge in the black box testing is to cause failures in the module by designing test causes that,with an appropriate input and controlled externally conditions,can produce an output that will clearly indicate a module failure
Which Test Cases to Automate?
Tests that need to be run for every build of the application.
Tests that use multiple data values for the same actions (data driven tests).
Tests that require detailed information from application internals.
If Performed Manual Testing:
Time Consuming, Low Reliability, Human Resources, Inconsistent.
If Performed Automated Testing:
Speed, Repeatability, Reusability, Reliability, Programming Capabilities.
What are CheckPoints ?
• Checkpoints enable you to compare the current behavior of your application to its expected behavior.
• GUI checkpoints check information about GUI objects. For example, you can check that a button is enabled or see which item is selected in a list.
• Database checkpoints check the data content in a database.
• Text checkpoints read text in GUI objects and in bitmaps, and enable you to check their contents.
• Bitmap checkpoints compare a "snapshot" of a window or an area in your application to an image captured in an earlier version.
Software Production Process :-
The process of building ,delivering and evolving the software system from the inception of an idea all the way to the delivery and final retirement of the system is called a software production process.
The software production process may follow different methods of software development .
• Water Fall Model
• Prototyping Process
• Rad Model
• Incremental Model
• Spiral Model
Conception:-
SDLC starts with the conception phase.This phase is triggered by a competitor ,a problem or an opportunity
The problem perceived
The goal to be achieved
The benefits from the solution
The scope of the project
Initiation:-
The Software engineers work with users to carry out a macro level study of the users requirements.The software engineers define the various alternatives possible and the cost-benefit justification of these alternatives.
Analysis :-
The software Engineers carry our a detailed study of the users requirement .They then arrive at the proposed system to be built .The model of this system is to be used to freeze all requirements before the next phase begins.
Design :-
In this phase the functional specifications are used for translating the model into a design of the desired system like data flow diagrams ,decisions tables,databases etc.
Construction:-
This phases produces the actual code that will be delivered to the customer as the running system .Individual modules developed in this phase are tested before being delivered to the next phase
Testing :-
All the modules that have been developed before are integrated or put together in this phase, and tested as a complete system. A system is tested for online response ,volume of transactions, stress, recovery from failure, and usability.
Implementation:-
Implementation means converting a new system design into operation .This involves creating computer compatible files, training the operating staff, installing hardware and any other requirements.
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