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research paper
Posted Date: 19 Nov 2007 Resource Type: Articles/Knowledge Sharing Category: Education
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Posted By: manish Member Level: Gold
Rating:  Points: 5
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Qamar Rahman
Integral University, Lucknow, India
Paper title: Designed nanoparticles: boon or bane for human life
Abstract:
With the rapid industrial revolution in nanotechnology, engineered nanoparticles
(NPs) with diverse physical and chemical properties in NPs such as nanotubes,
fullerenes, quantum dots or metal oxide-based particles are manufactured
worldwide. They are also commercially used in multiple fast expanding industrial
fields including automobiles, optics, microelectronics, cosmetics, medicine,
diagnostic, therapeutic and drug delivery. Because of their extremely small size
of <100 nm and a very high volume ratio, with high reactivity potential, the
physicochemical properties of engineered NPs differ substantially from those of
their native bulk materials.
The physical and chemical properties provide NPs with unprecedented
technological properties to enable them in novel tasks in industrial and technical
uses. The newly gained properties of NPs on the other hand could lead to
unexpected and sometimes harmful interactions to cause serious adverse health
effects in humans and ecosystem. With this inkling, several studies have
attempted to explore whether some of the commercially used NPs can be toxic in
cellular and animal studies and potentially infiltrate lung and migrate to other
parts of the body to inflict injury. Adverse NPs-induced toxicity to different
organelles (e.g. mitochondria) and organs (e.g. lymph nodes, spleen, heart, liver,
pancreas, kidney, bone marrow, and even brain) is an important apprehension in
the abscence of biological evidence.
However, at the present time, the public opinion still does not regard
nanotechnology as a substantial threat for human health. Nonetheless, this
momentary stance could change rapidly with the further progression and spread
of nanotechnology and parallel increasing evidence in NPs adverse health
effects. Therefore, even with limited evidence on the biological effects NPs, now
is the right time to inform the public about the numerous potential bio-hazards of
engineered NPs. It is also the right time to enforce new basic safety guidelines in
alliance with industries and establish toxicity test procedures that will ensure
protection of workers and control release of NPs to the environment. In order to
successfully tackle all the issues associated with nanotechnology, it is important
to assemble a multidisciplinary team of experts in industry, engineering, industrial
hygiene, toxicology, molecular biology and federal agencies to institute round
robin studies on toxicity and formulate guidelines on exposure. A long and
successful exploitation of the nanotechnology with many promising technical
capabilities we need to answer the unanswered health effects NPs and the
environmental issues.
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