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2007 - 08
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
HYDERABAD
I Year B.Tech. M.E. T P C
2 0 4
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
UNIT I
Water Technology-I : Introduction, Effect of Water on Rocks and Minerals, Types of impurities in Water, Hardness of Water – Temporary and Permanent hardness. Units and Inter conversions of Units. Estimation of hardness by EDTA Methods. Problems on Temporary and Permanent hardnesses. Analysis of Water - Alkalinity; Chlorides and Dissolved Oxygen. Disadvantages of Hard Water. Methods of Treatment of Water for Domestic Purposes-Sedimentation, Coagulation, Filtration, Disinfection - Sterilization, Chlorination, Break – point Chlorination, Ozonization.
UNIT II
Water Technology-II : Water for Industrial purposes - Water for Steam Making - Boiler Troubles – Carry Over - Priming and Foaming, Boiler Corrosion, Scales and Sludges, Caustic Embrittlement. Water Treatment: - Internal Treatment – Colloidal, Phosphate, Calgon, Carbonate, Sodium aluminate Conditioning of Water. External Treatment - Lime-Soda Process, Zeolite Process, Ion-Exchange Process; - Numerical Problems.
UNIT III
Science of Corrosion : Definition, Examples - Types of Corrosion: Theories of Corrosion and Mechanism – Dry Corrosion, (Direct Chemical attack), Wet Corrosion, (Electro Chemical Theory) Principles of Corrosion, Galvanic Series, Galvanic Corrosion, Concentration Cell Corrosion, Mechanism of Wet Corrosion – Hydrogen evolution type, Oxygen absorption type. Factors Influencing Corrosion. Control of Corrosion – Proper Design, Use of pure metal and metal alloys, Passivity, Cathodic Protection – Sacrificial anode and Impressed Current. Modifying the Environment, use of Inhibitors.
UNIT IV
Protective Coatings and their applications :
Surface Preparation: (1) Solvent Cleaning (2) Alkali Cleaning (3) Pickling and Etching (4) Sand Blasting (5) Mechanical Cleaning. Types Of Protective Coatings: Metallic Coatings – Anodic Coatings, Galvanization,
Cathodic Coatings – Tinning, Metal Cladding, Electroplating Ex: Chromium Plating, Metal Spraying, Cementation–Sheradizing, Colourizing, Chromizing, Chemical Conversion Coatings: (1) Phosphate (2) Chromate (3) Anodized Coatings. Organic Coatings: Paints – Constituents and their functions
UNIT V
Polymer Science and Technology : Polymerization Reactions – Basic concepts. Types of Polymerization – Addition and Condensation Polymerizations. Plastics –Thermosetting and Thermoplastics – Differences. Compounding and Moulding of Plastics – Compression, Injection, Transfer, and Extrusion moulding methods.Preparation, Properties and Engineering Uses of the Following: Polyethylene, PVC, Teflon, Bakelite, Nylon, Polyester, Polyurethanes and Silicone Resins.Rubber – Processing of Natural Rubber, Vulcanization and Compounding. Elastomers – Buna S, Buna N, Thiokol.
UNIT VI
Refractories and Insulators : Refractories – Definition, Classification With Examples; Criteria of a Good Refractory Material; Causes for the failure of a Refractory Material; Insulators – Definition and Classification with Examples; Characteristics of Insulating Materials; Thermal Insulators, Electrical Insulators – Their Characteristics and Engineering Applications.
UNIT VII
LUBRICANTS :Principles and function of lubricants - Types of Lubrication and Mechanism – Thick Film or Hydrodynamic Lubrication, Thin Film or Boundary Lubrication, Extreme Pressure Lubrication. Classification and properties of lubricants – Viscosity, flash and fire points, cloud and pour points, aniline point, Neutralisation Number and Mechanical Strength.
UNIT VIII
Fuels and Combustion : Definition and Classification.
1. Solid Fuels – Coal – Proximate and Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Significance of the Constituents – Metallurgical Coke – Characteristics & Manufacture. 2. Liquid Fuels – Petroleum – Refining – Knocking – Octane and Cetane Numbers – Synthetic Petrol Cracking– Bergius Process, Fischer- Tropsch Process. 3. Gaseous Fuels Natural gas, Coal gas – Calorific Value of Fuels – Bomb Calorimeter – Junker’s Gas Calorimeter.
4.Combustion – Analysis of Flue Gas by Orsat’s Apparatus ; Problems.
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