309350: Mass Transfer -II
Teaching Scheme: Exam Scheme:
Lecture: 4 hr/ week Paper: 100 Marks
Practical: 2 hr/week Term Work: 50 Marks
UNIT 1 [9 Hrs]
Distillation
Vapour – liquid equilibria for ideal and non-ideal systems, relative volatility, ideal solutions,
azeotropes, positive and negative deviations from ideality, multi component system, methods
of distillation - differential , flash, azeotropic, extractive, low pressure, steam distillation,
batch rectification.
Continuous rectification for binary system, multistage (tray) towers, Lewis Sorrel, McCabe
Thiele, and Ponchon Savarit methods for multistage operations, tray efficiencies, concept of
reflux, mnimum reflux ratio, optimumreflux, total reflux, Fenske’s equation, reboilers, use of
open steam, rectification of azeotropic mixtures.
Partial and total Condensers, cold reflux, Fenske-Underwood equation, packed towers for
distillation, NTU, HTU, HETP concept and calculations, concept of multicomponent
distillation, distillation column internals.
UNIT 2 [9 Hrs]
Novel Techniques
Membrane separation techniques- Ultra filtration. Nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, Rate based
processes such as diffusion coefficient based inert gas generation from air by carbon
molecular sieves.
UNIT 3 [9 Hrs]
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Ternary liquid equilibria, single stage extraction, multistage crosscurrent, countercurrent and
cocurrent extraction, calculations based on triangular diagrams, x – y co – ordinates and
solvent free basis.
Continuous countercurrent extraction with reflux, total reflux, stage efficiency, continuous
contact extraction in packed towers, HTU and NTU concept, types of extractors – stage type
and differential type.
UNIT 4 [9 Hrs]
Adsorption and Ion Exchange
Adsorption – Basic Principle and Equilibria in adsorption. Single gases and vapors –
Adsorption of liquids. Types of adsorption – Physical and Chemical Adsorption Isotherms-
Langmuir and Freundlich. Introduction to pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA), and
Temperature Swing Adsorption (TSA).
Equipments: Continuous Contact: steady state –moving bed Adsorbers. Ion Exchange-
Principles of Ion Exchange, Techniques and applications, Equilibria and rate of ion exchange,
equipments.
UNIT 5 [9 Hrs]
Solid – Liquid Extraction (Leaching)
Leaching equipment – continuous counter current leaching, ideal stage equilibrium, operating
time, constant and variable underflow, number of ideal stages, stage efficiencies. Calculation
of single stage and multistage leaching processes.
UNIT 6 [9 Hrs]
Crystallization
Principle rate of crystal growth, population balance and size distribution, calacultion of yield,
enthalpy balances, equipment.
Practical
Any eight practical to be conducted out of the following:
1. Simple Distillation
2. Total Reflux
3. Steam Distillation
4. Equilibrium Diagram for Liquid – Liquid Extraction
5. Characterization of Spray Extraction Column
6. York Schibel Column
7. Distillation using Sieve Plate, Bubble Cap Column
8. Batch/ Continuous Leaching
9. Process of Crystallization and its Characteristics
10. Batch Crystallization
11. Ion Exchange
Term work will be based on the conduct of above practical.
Text Books
1. Treybal R.E. “Mass Transfer Operation”
2. Richardson J. F. and Coulson J.M. “ Chemical Engineering”, Vol. I , II
3. Smith B.D., “ Design of Equilibrium Stage Process”.
Reference Books
1. Foust A.S., “ Principles of Unit Operations”
2. Henley E. J. and Seader H.K. “Stage wise Process Design” , McGraw Hill
3. McCabe and Smith, “ Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering”
4. King C. J. “ Separation Processes”, McGraw Hill
Reference http://www.unipune.ernet.in/stud_info/Syllabi/Syllabus_2008.html
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