Osmania University - M.Sc Botany- 4 -(T)(P) Paper III Phytohormones and Plant Development

Paper III Phytohormones and Plant Development

UNIT-I

1.Phytochromones: Biosnthesis, physiological role and molecular mechanism of actions of
a.Auxins
b.Gibberellins
c.Cytokinins
d.Abscisic acid
e.Ethylene
2Naturally occurring growth substances other than principal compounds:
a.Polyamines
b.Methyl jasmonates
c.Phenolics
d.Brassinosteroids
e.Tricantanol
f.Batasins

UNIT-II

3.Hormonal regulation of organ development
a. Root development
b. Shoot development
c. Leaf development
4.Effect of plant growth substances on flowering and fruiting
a. Flower initiation and sex expression
b. Fruit set, development and ripening
c. Genetic engineering for extended shelf life of fruits (e.g. Flavr Savr tomato)

UNIT-III

5.Senescence
a.Physiological and biochemical changes during senescence: loss of chlorophylls, nucleic acid metabolism, respiration and photosynthesis
b.Hormonal control of senescence: cytokinins, Abscisic acid and ethylene

6.Plant growth Regulators and weed control:

a. Auxin type herbicides 2,4-D Phenoxycetic acid
b. Pyridines
c. Genetic engineering for herbicidie resistance in plants

UNIT-IV

7.Physiological and molecular mechanisms of disease resistance in plants
a. Hypersensitive reaction
b. Elicitors
c. Phytoalexins
d. Physiology of disease resistance

8.Agricultural uses of plant growth regulators
a. Rooting and plant propagation
b. Abscission
c. Flowering
d. Fruit set and development
e. Fruit ripening
f. Overcoming envsironmental stresses

PRACTICALS

1. Estimation of indole acetic acid
2. Estimation of amylase enzyme
3. Radish cotyledonary bioassay for cytokinins
4. Action of abscisic acid on stomatal movement

REFERENCE

1. Phytohormones and related compounds: a comprehensive treatise Vol I and II 1978. Elsevier/North Holland, Biomedical Press, Amsterdam
2. Plant growth substances. Principles and application. / Richard N. Arteca. 1996. Chapman and Hall Inc. NY (Ind E. Cbs. Publ and Dist. New Delhi. 1997)
3. Physiology of plant growth and development H N Krishnamurthy 1993. Atmaram and Sons, New Delhi.
4. Growth and Differentiation of plants. 3rd Edition. Wareing PF and Phillips (D) Pergamon Press. Oxford.
5. Plant Growth Regulation – Agricultural Uses. L. G. Nickel. 1982. Springer – Verlag, Berlin.
6. Introduction of Plant Physiology, 2nd Edition. William Hopkins 1999. John Wiley and Sins. Inc. NY
7. Plant Physiology 2nd Edition. Taiz and Zeiger 1999. Sinauer Associates. Inc. Publ. Massachusetts
8. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology
9. Senescence in plants by Kenneth V. Thimmen CRC Press. Boca Raton. Florida. 1980.

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