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BHARATHIAR UNIVERSITY : SYLLABUS OF M.Phil. / Ph.D. – COMPUTER SCIENCE
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Paper III :
Data Warehousing and Mining
UNIT - I
Data Warehousing Introduction – Definition-Architecture-Warehouse Schema-
Warehouse server-OLAP operations. Data Warehouse technology – Hardware and
operating system- Warehousing Software – Extraction tools – Transformation tools –
Data quality tools – Data loaders – Data Access and retrieval tools – Data Modelling
tools – Fact tables and dimensions Data warehousing case studies : Data warehousing in
Government , Tourism, Industry , Genomics data.
UNIT - II
Data Mining definition – DM Techniques – current trends in data mining - Differentforms of Knowledge – Data selection , cleaning, Integration , Transformation, Reductionand Enrichment . Data: Types of data - Data Quality - Data Preprocessing - Measures ofsimilarity and dissimilarity. Exploration : Summary statistics – Visualization.
UNIT - III
Association rules : Introduction – Methods to discover association rule – Apriorialgorithm Partition Algorithm – Pincher search algorithm – Dynamic Item set algorithm– FP Tree growth algorithm. Classification : Decision Tree classification – BayesianClassification – Classification by Back Propogation.
UNIT - IV
Clustering Techniques : Introduction – Clustering Paradigms – Paritioning Algorithms –K means & K Mediod algorithms – CLARA – CLARANS – Hierarchical clustering –DBSCAN – BIRCH – Categorical Clustering algorithms – STIRR – ROCK – CACTUS.Introduction to machine learning – Supervised learning – Unsupervised learning –Machine learning and data mining. Neural Networks : Introduction – Use of NN –Working of NN Genetic Algorithm : Introduction –Working of GA
UNIT – V
Web Mining : Introduction – Web Content Mining – Web structure mining – web usage ining – Text Mining – Text Clustering Temporal Mining -spatial mining – Visual ata mining – Knowledge mining.
Paper III :
Digital Image Processing
UNIT - I
Digital image processing – fundamental steps in image processing – elements of imageprocessing systems. Digital image fundamentals: A simple image model – sampling andquantization – some basic relationships between pixels. Introduction to Fourier transform– the discrete Fourier transform – properties of the two-dimensional Fourier transform.
Image Enhancement: Enhancement by point processing – spatial filtering – enhancement n the frequency domain – generation of spatial masks form frequency domain pecifications – color image processing
UNIT - II
Image restoration: Degradation model – diagonalisation of circulant and block circulant
matrics – Algebraic approach to restoration – inverse filtering. Image compression:
Fundamentals – image compression models – error-free compression – lossy compression-image compression standards.
UNIT - III
Image segmentation: Detection of discontinuities – edge linking and boundary detection– thresholding - region oriented segmentation. Representation and description:
representation schemes – boundary descriptors – regional descriptors. Elements of image
analysis – Patterns and Pattern classes – decision theoretic methods – structural methods-nterpretation
UNIT - IV
Image processing – pattern recognition – relationship between image processing and
pattern recognition. Object detection: introduction. Shape analysis: introduction –
convex hull – convex hull based representation – fractals – fractals based image shape
representation.
UNIT - V
Wavelets: introduction – properties of wavelets – fast wavelet transform – wavelet
decomposition structures and coefficients – inverse fast wavelet transform – application
of wavelets in image processing
Paper – III :
Advanced Networking
Unit – I : Circuit Switching Networks
AT & T’s Dynamic Routing Network, Routing in Telephone Network – Dynamic Non
Hierarchical Routing – Trunk Status Map Routing – Real Time Network Routing,
Dynamic Alternative Routing – Distributed Adaptive Dynamic Routing – Optimized
Dynamic Routing.
Unit – II : Packet Switching Networks
Distance Vector Routing-Link State Routing-Inter Domain Routing – Classless
Interdomain Routing (CIDR), Interior Gateway Routing Protocols(IGRP) – Routing
Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Exterior Gateway Routing
Protocol(EGRP)–Border Gateway Protocol(BGP), Apple Talk Routing and SNA Routing
UNIT – III : High Speed Networks
Routing in optical networks- The optical layer, Node Designs, Network design and
operation, Optical layer cost tradeoffs, Routing and wavelength assignment, Architectural
variations, Routing in ATM networks – ATM address structure, ATM Routing, PNNI
protocol, PNNI signaling protocol, Routing in the PLANET network and Deflection
Routing.
Unit – IV : Security and Cryptography
Introduction to Security - Security Attacks, services and Mechanisms – Data Encryption
Standard - Advanced Encryption Standard–Public–Key Cryptography and RSA –
Message Authentication and Hash Functions – Hash and MAC algorithms – Digital
Signatures and Authentication Protocols
Unit – V : Network Security
Authentication Applications – Electronic Mail security – IP Security – Web security –
Intruders – Malicious Software – Firewalls.
Paper - III :
Natural Language Processing
UNIT - I
Natural Language Processing (NLP) – open problems – major goal – language structure –
language analyzer – morphological analyzer – local world grouper (LWG) – core parser –
requirements of computational grammars – computational aspect – system aspect – large
system aspect – morphological analysis – morphological generation using paradigms –
morphological analysis using paradigms – speeding up morphological analysis by
compilation – morphological analyzer – additional issues – local word grouping – verb
groups – noun groups – strategy for grammar development – semantics in stages.
UNIT - II
Paninian grammar – semantic model – free word order and vibhakti – paninian theory –
karaka relations – active passive – control – karaka to vibhakti mapping – karaka sharing.
UNIT - III
Machine translation – survey – is MT possible? – Possible approaches – current status –
anusaraka or language accessor – cutting the Gordian knot – structure of anusaraka
systems – user interface – linguistic area – anusaraka output – language bridges.
UNIT - IV
Lexical functional grammar – active passive and dative constructions – WH movements
in questions – LFG formalism – well formedness conditions – handling WH movements
in questions – computational aspects – features and feature structures – unification –
other constraints – CFG and Indian languages – functional specification – lexicalized
grammars and locality – lexicalized tree substitution grammar – lexicalized tree adjoining
grammar – feature structures – mathematical aspects
UNIT - V
Comparing TAG with PG – similarities between TAG and PG – differences between
TAG and PG – Government and binding – GB modules – X-bar theory – theta theory –
Government – Case theory – bounding theory – empty category principle (ECP) –
binding theory – constraints on movement – GB parsing – comparing GB with PG
Paper - III :
Data Compression
UNIT-I : Introduction
Compression Techniques – Lossy compression & Lossless compression, modeling and
compression Mathematical modeling for Lossless compression- Physical models,
probability models, Markov Models and composite source models. Mathematical
modeling for Lossy compression – physical models, Probablity models and linear
systems models.
UNIT – II : Different Methods of Compression
Basic Techniques : Run length encoding, RLE Text compression, RLE image
compression and scalar quantization.
Statistical Methods : Information theory concepts, Huffman coding, Adaptive Huffman
coding, facsimile compression Arithmetic coding and Adaptive, Arithmetic coding and
Text compression.
Dictionary methods : String compression, LZ 77, LZSS, LZ78,LZW, Unix compression,
GIF image, ARC and PKZIP, Data compression patterns.
Wavelet methods : Fourier Image compression, Multi Resolution decomposition and
JPEG 2000.
UNIT-III : Image Compression
Intuitive Methods, Image Transforms, JPEG, Progressive Image compression, Vector
quantization, Adaptive Vector Quantization, Block Matching, Block Truncation coding.
Context Tree weighting, Block Decomposition, Binary Tree predictive coding, Quad
Trees and Finite Automata Methods.
UNIT –IV : Video Compression
Analog Video, Composite and Components Video, Digital Video, Video compression,
MPEG and H.261.
UNIT – V : Audio Compression
Sound, Digital Audio, The Human Auditory System, µ -Law and A-Law companding,
ADPCM Audio compression and MPEPG-1 Audio Layers.
Paper - III : Agent Based Computing
UNIT - I
Introduction to Software Agents: What is a software agent? - Why software agents? -
Applications of Intelligent software agents-Practical design of Intelligent agent systems.
UNIT - II
Intelligent Agent Learning- Approaches to Knowledge base development-Disciple
approach for building Intelligent agents- Knowledge representation-Generalization-
Problem solving methods-Knowledge elicitation.
UNIT - III
Rule learning: Rule learning problem- Rule learning method- Learned rule
characterization.
Rule refinement: Rule refinement problem- Rule refinement method- Rule
experimentation and verification-Refined rule characterization-Agent interactions.
UNIT - IV
Disciple shell: Architecture of Disciple shell- Methodology for building Intelligent
Agents- Expert-Agent interactions during knowledge elicitation process- Expert-Agent
interactions during rule learning process- Expert-Agent interactions during rule
refinement process.
UNIT - V
Case studies in building Intelligent agents: Intelligent Agents in portfolio management-
Intelligent Agents in financial services- Statistical Analysis assessment and support
agent- Design assistant for configuring computer systems.
Paper - III :
Soft Computing
UNIT - I
Fundamentals of ANN: The Biological Neural Network, Artificial Neural Networks -
Building Blocks of ANN and ANN terminologies: architecture, setting of weights,
activation functions - McCulloch-pitts Neuron Model, Hebbian Learning rule, Perception
learning rule, Delta learning rule.
UNIT - II
Models of ANN: Single layer perception, Architecture, Algorithm, application procedure
- Feedback Networks: Hopfield Net and BAM - Feed Forward Networks: Back
Propogation Network (BPN) and Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) - Self
Organizing Feature Maps: SOM and LVQ
UNIT - III
Fuzzy Sets, properties and operations - Fuzzy relations, cardinality, operations and
properties of fuzzy relations, fuzzy composition.
UNIT - IV
Fuzzy variables - Types of membership functions - fuzzy rules: Takagi and Mamdani –
fuzzy inference systems: fuzzification, inference, rulebase, defuzzification.
UNIT - V
Genetic Algorithm (GA): Biological terminology – elements of GA: encoding, types of
selection, types of crossover, mutation, reinsertion – a simple genetic algorithm –
Theoretical foundation: schema, fundamental theorem of GA, building block hypothesis.
Paper - III :
Embedded and Real Time Operating Systems
UNIT - I
Introduction to Embedded Systems-Categories of embedded Systems-specialties of
embedded systems- requirements of embedded systems –challenges and issues in
embedded software development – recent trends in embedded systems-Architecture of
embedded systems: Hardware architecture – software architecture-application software –
communication software –Embedded systems on a Chip (SoC) and the use of VLSI
designed circuits.
UNIT - II
Hardware Fundamentals- Terminology-Gates-Timing Diagrams-Memory- Advanced
Hardware Fundamentals- Microprocessors-Microprocessor Architecture-Direct Memory
Access - Interrupts and Software Architecture- Interrupts- Interrupts Basics – Interrupt
Service Routines- Survey of Software Architectures- Round Robin with interrupts-
Function-Queue-Scheduling Architecture-Real Time Operating Systems Architecture.
UNIT - III
Applications of Embedded Systems-Application market segments-consumer electronicscontrol
system and industrial automation – biomedical systems- field instrumentation –
handheld computers – data communication – networked information appliances –
telecommunications – wireless communication.
UNIT - IV
Introduction to real time theory-Scheduling theory-rate monotonic scheduling-utilization
bound theorem-Introduction to Real time Operating System –Desktop OS vs. RTOS –
need for BSP in embedded systems – Issues in Real time computing –Structure of a real
time system – task management – race condition – priority inversion – RTOS under the
hood – ISRs and scheduling – Inter task communication – timers – programming
language and tools.
UNIT - V
Case Study-QNX Neutrino, VxWorks, MicroC/OS-II, RTLinux, POSIX, Embedded NT,
and Windows XP embedded.
Paper – III :
Software Testing and Quality Assurance
UNIT - I
Introduction to software quality – Software modeling – Scope of the software quality
program – Establishing quality goals – Purpose, quality of goals – SQA planning
software – Productivity and documentation, Software quality assurance plan – Purpose
and Scope, Software quality assurance management - Organization – Quality tasks –
Responsibilities – Documentation. Standards, Practices, Conventions and Metrics,
Reviews and Audits – Management, Technical review – Software inspection process –
Walk through process – Audit process – Test processes – ISO, CMM compatibility –
Problem reporting and corrective action.
UNIT - II
Tools, Techniques and methodologies, Code control, Media control, Supplier control,
Records collection, Maintenance and retention, Training and risk management. ISO 9000
model, CMM model, Comparisons, ISO 9000 weaknesses, CMM weaknesses, SPICE –
Software Process Improvement and Capability determination.
UNIT - III
Purpose of Software testing – Some Dichotomies – a model for testing – Playing pool
and consulting oracles – Is complete testing possible – The Consequence of bugs –
Taxonomy of Bugs. Software testing Fundamentals – Test case Design – Introduction of
Black Box Testing and White Box testing – Flow Graphs and Path testing – Path testing
Basics - Predicates, Path Predicates and Achievable Paths - Path Sensitizing – Path
Instrumentation –Implementation and Application of Path Testing.
UNIT - IV
Transaction Flow testing – Transaction Flows – techniques – Implementation Comments
– Data Flow Testing – Basics – Strategies – Applications, Tools and effectiveness –
Syntax Testing – Why, What, How – Grammar for formats – Implementation – Tips.
Logic Based Testing – Motivational Overview – Decision tables – Path Expressions –
KV Charts – Specifications – States, State Graphs and transition Testing – State Graphs –
Good & bad states – state testing Metrics and Complexity.
UNIT - V
Testing GUIs – Testing Client – Server Architecture – Testing for Real-time System – A
Strategic Approach to Software testing – issues – unit testing – Integration Testing –
Validation testing – System testing – The art of Debugging.
Paper – III :
Knowledge Management
UNIT - I
Basics - What is Knowledge Management? - Key Challenges - KM Life Cycle -
Understanding Knowledge – Definitions - Cognition and Knowledge Management -
Data, Information, and Knowledge - Types of Knowledge - Expert Knowledge.
UNIT - II
Knowledge Management System Life Cycle - Challenges in Building KM
Systems - Conventional Versus KM System Life Cycle - KM System Life Cycle -
System Justification - Role of Rapid Prototyping - Role of Knowledge Developer – User Training.
UNIT - III
Knowledge Creation - Nonaka’s Model of Knowledge Creation and
Transformation - Knowledge Architecture - Capturing Tacit Knowledge – Evaluating the
Expert – Developing a relationship with Expert – Fuzzy Reasoning and the Quality of
Knowledge Capture – Interview as a tool – Brainstorming – Repertory Grid - Nominal-
Group Techniques(NGT) – Delphi method – Concept mapping
UNIT - IV
Knowledge Codification - Codification Tools and Procedures - Knowledge
Developers Skill Set - Knowledge Transfer - Transfer Methods - Role of the Internet in
Knowledge Transfer - Knowledge Transfer in the E-World - E-Business – KM Tools :-
Personal KM Tools, What next – from GUI to CIM, Software – Knowledge
Technologies :- State of Technology, KM Gets Unconventional, Application is the Key,
Content Mgmt, Technology components of KM, ERP and BPR, Meta-data Architecture.
UNIT - V
Knowledge Management Tools and Knowledge Portals - Portals Basics -
Business Challenge - Knowledge Portal Technologies - Ethical and Legal Issues -
Knowledge Owners - Legal Issues - The Ethical Factors – Futuristic KM.
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