How spark is produced in spark plug

The spark plug is a small device in which there are two metal electrodes separated by a small distance of about one millimetre and one electrode is connected to a high voltage circuit while the other is grounded. The spark plug is fitted in such a way that it becomes sealed from the outside environment and is exposed to the chamber where combustion is required for starting the fuel-burning for realising power to the motor and getting the desired work done. There is an electrical ignition system in the vehicle from which we send a high voltage to this spark plug for a small time and as the gap is very small there is a breakdown of electrical insulation of this gap in presence of that high voltage and a spark is produced in the gap which is sufficient to ignite and start the combustion process. With repeated use of the spark plug, some amount of black carbon smoke is also deposited in and around this gap and that is why the plug requires a periodic cleaning so that its efficiency remains intact. Sometimes the gap is widened and the mechanic has to adjust it. If the electrodes are worn out then generally replacing the spark plug with a new one would be advised by the mechanic.

A spark plug is an electrical device used in internal combustion engines for igniting fuels using an electric spark. They allow fuel to burn and release energy which will cause the moment of the vehicle. These components are having two functions. In addition to igniting the fuels, they will remove the heat also.
The various parts that are present in a plug are
1. Insulator
2. Terminal
3. Ring, Parking Washer
4. Gasket
5. Center Shaft
6. Glass Seal
7. Electrode with Copper
8. Housing
9. Center Electrode
10. Ground Electrode
Copper spark plugs, Iridium spark plugs and single platinum spark plugs are the types of spark plugs that are available.
These devices will have an insulated centre electrode. In addition to this, one or more ground electrodes are available on the bottom end. There will be a gap between these two electrodes which is known as the spark gap. Once the voltage is supplied from the ignition coil to the spark plug,the electrical energy will jump the gap and produces a spark.

The voltage should be high enough to produce the spark. As the voltage rises, the structure of the fuel between the electrodes begins to change. Once the voltage is more than the dielectric strength of the fuels, it becomes ionized. This ionized gas allows electrons to flow across the gap between the electrodes. The voltage that is normally required is more than 2000 volts. At this voltage, the electrons in the gap will increase causing the temperature of the spark channel to increase. Then the ionised gas expands and will cause a small explosion in the chamber.

There is an old Tamil cine song,'paravaiyaik kandaan, vimaanam padaiththan......' which means an aero plane was invented. Similar to that it is heard that in olden days fire was made out of clicking two stones. I believe observing this idea the spark plug might have been invented and the fire (spark) came in a spark plug by friction.

A spark plug is an electrical component which fits into the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine where ignition takes place of the compressed aerosol gasoline with the help of electrical spark. Spark plugs have an insulated centre electrode connected by an heavily insulated wire to an ignition coil which is finally formed by the the grounded terminals on the base of the plug, having a spark gap inside the cylinder and all such alignments would create the favourable position of the combustion.
The spark plug works as a heat exchanger with the pulling of unwanted thermal energy to the combustion chamber and transferring the same to the engine cooling system.
As the electron flows from the coils, a voltage differential sets up between the centre electrode and the sides of the electrodes. Once the voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of tge gases, the gases will be ultimately ionised. Then this ionised gas becomes a conductor allowing the electrons to flow across the gap. Resultant spark should have voltage in excess of 20,000 volts to fire property.
The current of electrons finally raises the temperature of the spark plug to 60,000K sufficient enough for expansion for the ionised gas very quickly. This would follow a click heard when the operation starts and would be akin to igniting and thunder.