Need guidance to answer this accounting exam question

Can you please mention what is to be found out with this data? What I mean is that what is the question actually. If you ask it more clearly then our experts in this site might try to give a precise answer.

This problem is known as a Bank reconciliation statement. Every month end the business concern needs to prepare a reconciliation statement with the Bank balance as per their cash book vs the bank balance shown by the bank in their customer accounts.
Here in the given question bank balance as per cash book as on 31.12.1994 has been given and discrepancies arising during the month have also been given. Now you have to find out the bank balance as per the passbook as maintained by the bank as on 31.12.1994. And if this balance is tallied with the balance given by the bank as per their statement, you will be satisfied that the accounting is correct.

In the books of Mr.of Samatha
Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 31.12.1994

PARTICULAR Amount in Rs
.............................................................................................................................. ....................
Bank balance as per Cash book(CR) i,e, Overdraft balance 47240
ADD: Rectification
Cheque received and recorded in the cash book not sent to the bank 4960 for collection Rs. 4,960
A cheque of Rs.1,400 paid into the bank in Nov. 1994 had been
debited by the bank by an error in Dec.94. 2800
(Bank debited the amount instead of crediting hence double effect will be there 1400*2=2800)
Cheques issued Rs. 70.080 in Dec. 1994 had been entered in the cash book as Rs. 69,000, and not presented to the bank (69000-70.080)=68929.92 is the diff.
The interest of Rs. 3,520 charged by the bank was not recorded in cash book. 3520
The payment side of the cash book had been undercast by Rs. 400. 400
Rs.17,960 was entered in the cash book as paid into the bank on 31st Dec.1994 17960
but credited by the bank until the following day.
LESS: NIL
Total: 51329.92

Bank balance as per Passbook CR i,e in favor cash at bank balance Rs. 51329.92

Now if you find that Rs.51329.92 is lying in your bank account as provided by the bank on 31.12.1994
then you can conclude that your accounting treatment for the period is correct with the bank. Accordingly, you can close your accounts based on the transactions with the bank.
I think you will understand now. For more knowledge, you can visit https://commercecoachingkolkata.blogspot.com/2021/04/bank-reconciliation-statement.html

Bank balance as per Cash Book - Rs. 47240
Add:
1. Issued cheques but not cleared yet - Rs. 70080
2. Interest charged in passbook - Rs. 3520 73600
120840
Less:
1.cheque received but not sent for collection – Rs. 4960
2.Issued cheques but not cleared yet (diff) -- Rs. 1080
3.Amoutn deposited into bank but accounted later --Rs.17960 24000
BANK BALANCE AS PER PASS BOOK 96840

When we compare the bank statement and the cash book, both should show the same balance either as a credit in the bank account or a debit in the bank account. If the bank balance is shown as credit in the cash book means it is a negative balance. If it is shown as a debit means it is the amount of the company lying with the bank.
With this backdrop let us reconcile the above-given facts.
1. Cash book is showing a credit in the bank account. That means it is an overdraft. Rs. 47,240/-.
But there are some errors in the cash book maintained and if we account for those errors the actual balance that is equal to bank records should come. Then we can say the cash book and the bank account are tallying.
2. Rs,4960/- cheque was not sent to the bank. So as per the bank, the overdraft will be Rs.52200/-
3. The bank made a credit as a debit. So the difference will be Rs,1400/- X 2 = 2800/- The overdraft will become
Rs.55000/-
4. A cheque issued to the bank for Rs.70.080 is shown as Rs. 69000/-. But the check is not issued to the bank Rs55000/ + Rs,69000/- = Rs,1,24,000/ is the overdraft.
5. Bank charges. Rs.3520/-/ Then the overdraft will be Rs.127520/-
6. Difference in cash Rs.400/ Then the overdraft will be 127920/-
7. Rs.17960/- was not deposited in the bank Rs,127920 + 17960. The total will be Rs, 1,45,880/-.
if the passbook shows the above amount as credit in our account we can say both are tallying

On examination of the above data we find some observations -
1. Cheques to the tune of Rs 4960 are received and recorded in the cash book but not sent to the bank for collection so it will not reflect in the bank balance as on 31st December and are actually the receivables and will be reflecting in the bank balance only after 31st December 1994 when they are deposited in the bank and credit in the account.
2. The cheque for Rs 1400 which was supposed to be deposited in November 1994 is deposited in December 1994 so the balance of Rs 47240 is comprised of that amount. It has to be removed as it belongs to the November month.
3. Cheque issued amounting to Rs 70080 which was shown erroneously as Rs 69000 was not deposited in the bank by 31st December so it is not a part of the balance of Rs 47240 as on 31st December 1994.
4. Interest of Rs 3520 charged by bank has to be shown as expenses.
5. Rs 17960 debit will be shown after 31st December 1994 only.

If we correct for all the above inconsistencies we get the balance under the column bank balance as 47240-4960-1400-69000-3520+17960 = -13680 that is deficient by Rs 13680 as on 31st December 1994.