Construction and working principle of Pulverized Coal Burners

Are you an engineer and want to know the working of burner in hot furnace? Here is an article describing the construction of pulverized coal burner with its working principles. Burners are used in the furnace where combustion of coal is carried out. In this article, I am going to explain about the construction and working principle of pulverized coal burners. Read below to know more about this burner.

Introduction

Burners are extensively used to burn the pulverized coal. The rapidity of air-coal mixing known as turbulence plays important role in finding the main difference between the various burners. The turbulent type of burner is applied in the bituminous coals and the burners with long flame can be used for low volatile coals. The requirements which should be met by a pulverized coal burner are:

The coal and primary air should be thoroughly and completely mixed in the burner and should be brought this mixture before entering to the furnace in contact with additional air known as secondary air which may create sufficient turbulence.

The burner should deliver the sufficient air to the furnace at correct proportions and stable ignition of coal & air mixture and control flame shape should be maintained and travel in the furnace must be controllable. The flame shape is controlled and maintained by the secondary air vanes as well as some other control adjustments that are incorporated into the burner. Secondary air in excess supplied too much quantity may cool the mixture and is used to prevent its heating to ignition temperature.

The coal and air mixture should be moved away from the burner at a rate equal to travel of flame in front so as to avoid flash back into the burner.

Construction & Working

The schematic of this system is represented by the following figure.
Photo of Pulverized Coal Burners

In this sytem, coal is deposited in the raw coal bunker and the coal is fed by using feeder. Pulverizer is operated by a prime mover as shown in the figure and the coal is sent to the furnace where combustion process takes place. Cold air is supplied separately on the way of hot air coming from the furnace and an primary air pump serves the purpose of reducing heat considerably. The various types of burners are short described here under.

Long Flame Burner known as U-Flame Burner is one of the type of burner, where air and coal mixture travels a considerable distance and hence provides sufficient time for complete combustion of coal. Short Flame Burner also known as Turbulent Burner is being fitted in the furnace. The flame may enter the furnace horizontally here. Tangential Burner is one which is fitted to the attach corner of the furnace.

The inclination of the burner is so made for the flame produced to travel tangentially to an imaginary circle at the center. Cyclone Burner uses the crushed coal intend of pulverized coal. Its advantages are given as follows:

The cost of pulverization is saved because of a crusher consumes less power than a pulverizer.

Fly ash problem is rectified and ash produced is in the molten form and owe to inclination of furnace ash flows to an appropriate disposal system.

Conclusion

Thus, you have studied the construction and working principle of this pulverized coal burners and different types of burner with its advantages. This setup finds application in the field of construction of power plant particularly steam power plant.

Construction and working principle of Pulverized Coal Burners

Introduction

Construction & Working

Conclusion

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